November 2014
Intermediate to advanced
176 pages
3h 16m
Chinese
Content preview from Java 8 Lambdas 技術手冊
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設計與架構原則
|
117
運用了 Lambda 的領域專用語言
領域專用語言
（
domain-specific language
, DSL）是著重在軟體系統中特定部份的程式設
計語言。它們通常是小型語言，對多數程式設計任務而言，經常不若 Java 之類的通用性
語言（general-purpose language）那麼有表達力。DSL 的任務特殊化了：捨棄了樣樣精
通，DSL 只專攻某些事物。
DSL 通常被分為兩類：
內部
（
internal
）與
外部
（
external
）。外部 DSL 是在程式原始碼
外獨立撰寫，而後獨立地剖析與實作。例如，CSS（Cascading Style Sheet）與規則表達
式是常用的外部 DSL。
使用某程式語言撰寫，並被嵌入該語言中的是內部 DSL。如果你用過 mock 程式庫，像
是 JMock、Mockito，或是 JOOQ 或 Querydsl 之類的 SQL 建造者 API，那麼對內部 DSL
並不陌生。某些意義上，它們只是有流暢 API 設計的一般程式庫。儘管內部 DSL 簡
單，然而價值在於它們是能讓程式碼變得更簡潔且易於閱讀的強大工具。理想上，DSL
撰寫的程式碼閱讀起來，就像在反映出問題域中之對話。
導入了 lambda 表達式，實作具流暢性的 DSL 就更為容易，而想嘗試 DSL 的人們也多了
樣工具。我們會建立一個用於行為驅動開發（behavior-driven development, BDD）， 稱
為
LambdaBehave
的 DSL，藉此探討這類議題。 ...
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