book

Java 8 Pocket Guide

by Robert Liguori, Patricia Liguori

April 2014

Intermediate to advanced

242 pages

3h 21m

English

O'Reilly Media, Inc.

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Dedication
Preface
Book StructureConventions Used in This BookSafari® Books OnlineHow to Contact UsAuthorsAcknowledgments
I. Language
1. Naming Conventions
Class NamesInterface NamesMethod NamesInstance and Static Variable NamesParameter and Local Variable NamesGeneric Type Parameter NamesConstant NamesEnumeration NamesPackage NamesAnnotation NamesAcronyms
2. Lexical Elements
Unicode and ASCIIPrintable ASCII CharactersNonprintable ASCII CharactersCommentsKeywordsIdentifiersSeparatorsOperatorsLiteralsBoolean LiteralsCharacter LiteralsInteger LiteralsFloating-Point LiteralsString LiteralsNull LiteralsEscape SequencesUnicode Currency Symbols
3. Fundamental Types
Primitive TypesLiterals for Primitive TypesFloating-Point EntitiesOperations Involving Special EntitiesNumeric Promotion of Primitive TypesUnary Numeric PromotionBinary Numeric PromotionSpecial Cases for Conditional OperatorsWrapper ClassesAutoboxing and UnboxingAutoboxingUnboxing
4. Reference Types
Comparing Reference Types to Primitive TypesDefault ValuesInstance and Local Variable ObjectsArraysConversion of Reference TypesWidening ConversionsNarrowing ConversionsConverting Between Primitives and Reference TypesPassing Reference Types into MethodsComparing Reference TypesUsing the Equality OperatorsUsing the equals() MethodComparing StringsComparing EnumerationsCopying Reference TypesCopying a Reference to an ObjectCloning ObjectsShallow and deep cloningMemory Allocation and Garbage Collection of Reference Types
5. Object-Oriented Programming
Classes and ObjectsClass SyntaxInstantiating a Class (Creating an Object)Data Members and MethodsAccessing Data Members and Methods in ObjectsOverloadingOverridingConstructorsSuperclasses and SubclassesThe this KeywordVariable-Length Argument ListsAbstract Classes and Abstract MethodsAbstract ClassesAbstract MethodsStatic Data Members, Static Methods, Static Constants, and Static InitializersStatic Data MembersStatic MethodsStatic ConstantsStatic InitializersInterfacesEnumerationsAnnotation TypesBuilt-in AnnotationsDeveloper-Defined AnnotationsFunctional Interfaces
6. Statements and Blocks
Expression StatementsEmpty StatementBlocksConditional StatementsThe if StatementThe if else StatementThe if else if StatementThe switch StatementIteration StatementsThe for LoopThe Enhanced for LoopThe while LoopThe do while LoopTransfer of ControlThe break StatementThe continue StatementThe return StatementSynchronized StatementAssert StatementException Handling Statements
7. Exception Handling
The Exception HierarchyChecked/Unchecked Exceptions and ErrorsChecked ExceptionsUnchecked ExceptionsErrorsCommon Checked/Unchecked Exceptions and ErrorsCommon Checked ExceptionsCommon Unchecked ExceptionsCommon ErrorsException Handling KeywordsThe throw KeywordThe try/catch/finally KeywordsThe try-catch StatementThe try-finally StatementThe try-catch-finally StatementThe try-with-resources StatementThe multi-catch ClauseThe Exception Handling ProcessDefining Your Own Exception ClassPrinting Information About ExceptionsThe getMessage() MethodThe toString() MethodThe printStackTrace() Method

8. Java Modifiers
Access ModifiersOther (Nonaccess) Modifiers
II. Platform
9. Java Platform, Standard Edition
Common Java SE API LibrariesLanguage and Utility LibrariesBase LibrariesIntegration LibrariesMiscellaneous User Interface LibrariesJavaFX User Interface LibraryRemote Method Invocation (RMI) and CORBA LibrariesSecurity LibrariesExtensible Markup Language (XML) Libraries
10. Development Basics
Java Runtime EnvironmentJava Development KitJava Program StructureCommand-Line ToolsJava CompilerJava InterpreterJava Program PackagerJAR File ExecutionJava DocumenterClasspath
11. Memory Management
Garbage CollectorsSerial CollectorParallel CollectorParallel Compacting CollectorConcurrent Mark-Sweep CollectorGarbage-First (G1) CollectorMemory Management ToolsCommand-Line OptionsResizing the JVM HeapMetaspaceInterfacing with the GCExplicit Garbage CollectionFinalization
12. Basic Input and Output
Standard Streams in, out, and errClass Hierarchy for Basic Input and OutputFile Reading and WritingReading Character Data from a FileReading Binary Data from a FileWriting Character Data to a FileWriting Binary Data to a FileSocket Reading and WritingReading Character Data from a SocketReading Binary Data from a SocketWriting Character Data to a SocketWriting Binary Data to a SocketSerializationSerializeDeserializeZipping and Unzipping FilesCompressing and Uncompressing GZIP Files
13. New I/O API (NIO.2)
The Path InterfaceThe Files ClassAdditional Features
14. Concurrency
Creating ThreadsExtending the Thread ClassImplementing the Runnable InterfaceThread StatesThread PrioritiesCommon MethodsSynchronizationConcurrent UtilitiesExecutorsConcurrent CollectionsSynchronizersTiming Utility
15. Java Collections Framework
The Collection InterfaceImplementationsCollection Framework MethodsCollections Class AlgorithmsAlgorithm EfficienciesComparator Functional Interface
16. Generics Framework
Generic Classes and InterfacesConstructors with GenericsSubstitution PrincipleType Parameters, Wildcards, and BoundsThe Get and Put PrincipleGeneric SpecializationGeneric Methods in Raw Types
17. The Java Scripting API
Scripting LanguagesScript Engine ImplementationsEmbedding Scripts into JavaInvoking Methods of Scripting LanguagesAccessing and Controlling Java Resources from ScriptsSetting Up Scripting Languages and EnginesScripting Language SetupScripting Engine SetupScripting Engine Validation
18. Date and Time API
Legacy InteroperabilityRegional CalendarsISO CalendarMachine InterfaceDurations and PeriodsJDBC and XSD MappingFormatting
19. Lambda Expressions
λEs BasicsλEs Syntax and ExampleMethod and Constructor ReferencesSpecific Purpose Functional InterfacesGeneral Purpose Functional InterfacesResources for λEsTutorialsCommunity Resources
III. Appendixes
A. Fluent APIs
B. Third-Party Tools
Development, CM, and Test ToolsLibrariesIntegrated Development EnvironmentsWeb Application PlatformsScripting Languages Compatible with JSR-223
C. UML Basics
Class DiagramsNameAttributesOperationsVisibilityObject DiagramsGraphical Icon RepresentationClasses, Abstract Classes, and InterfacesNotesPackagesConnectorsMultiplicity IndicatorsRole NamesClass RelationshipsAssociationDirect AssociationComposition AssociationAggregation AssociationTemporary AssociationGeneralizationRealizationSequence DiagramsParticipant (1)Found Message (2)Synchronous Message (3)Return Call (4)Asynchronous Message (5)Message to Self (6)Lifeline (7)Activation Bar (8)
Index
Copyright

Content preview from Java 8 Pocket Guide

Chapter 10. Development Basics

The Java Runtime Environment (JRE) provides the backbone for running Java applications. The Java Development Kit (JDK) provides all of the components and necessary resources to develop Java applications.

Java Runtime Environment

The JRE is a collection of software that allows a computer system to run a Java application. The software collection consists of the Java Virtual Machines (JVMs) that interpret Java bytecode into machine code, standard class libraries, user interface toolkits, and a variety of utilities.

Java Development Kit

The JDK is a programming environment for compiling, debugging, and running Java applications, Java Beans, and Java applets. The JDK includes the JRE with the addition of the Java programming language and additional development tools and tool APIs. Oracle’s JDK supports Mac OS X, Solaris, Linux (Oracle, Suse, Red Hat, Ubuntu, and Debian [on ARM]), and Microsoft Windows (Server 2008 R2, Server 2012, Vista, Windows 7, and Windows 8). Additional operating system and special purpose JVMs, JDKs, and JREs are freely available from Java Virtual Machine. Supported browsers are Internet Explorer 9+, Mozilla Firefox, Chrome on Windows, and Safari 5.x.

Table 10-1 lists versions of the JDK provided by Oracle. Download the most recent version at Oracle’s website, where you can also download older versions.

Table 10-1. Java Development Kits

Java Development Kits	Codename	Release	Packages	Classes
Java SE 8 with JDK 1.8.0	---	2014	217	4,240
Java SE 7 with ...

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