In the Java regex engine, all the special regex metacharacters lose their special meaning inside a character class except the ^ (carrot), - (hyphen), ] (right square bracket), and \ (backslash) characters.
Inside a character class, the hyphen also does not need to be escaped when used as the first or last character, since a character range requires both the left-hand side and the right-hand side characters. Similarly, ^ (carrot) needs to escaped only when used as the first character inside a character class.
