Web Application Deployment Descriptor
The WEB-INF/web.xml file is
a very important file. It is the
application deployment descriptor that contains all configuration
information for the application. If your application consists only of
JSP and HTML files, you typically do not need to worry about this
file at all. But if the application also contains servlets, tag
libraries, or uses the container-provided security mechanisms, you
often need to define some configuration information in the
web.xml file.
The deployment descriptor is an XML file. A standard XML Document Type Definition (DTD) defines the elements it can contain and how they must be arranged. Example 4.1 shows a version of the complete DTD[10] without the comments. All elements are instead described after the example.
Example D-1. Java Web Application Descriptor DTD
<!ELEMENT web-app (icon?, display-name?, description?, distributable?, context-param*, servlet*, servlet-mapping*, session-config?, mime-mapping*, welcome-file-list?, error-page*, taglib*, resource-ref*, security-constraint*, login-config?, security-role*, env-entry*, ejb-ref*)> <!ELEMENT icon (small-icon?, large-icon?)> <!ELEMENT small-icon (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT large-icon (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT display-name (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT description (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT distributable EMPTY> <!ELEMENT context-param (param-name, param-value, description?)> <!ELEMENT param-name (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT param-value (#PCDATA)> <!ELEMENT servlet (icon?, servlet-name, display-name?, ...
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