November 2022
Beginner to intermediate
346 pages
11h
Chinese
Content preview from Kafka权威指南（第2版）
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268
｜
第
13
章
什么是百分位
？
百分位是一种常见的时间度量方式。
99
百分位表示整组样本（这里指请求时
间）中有
99%
的值小于指标，那么就有
1%
的值大于指标。一般情况下，需
要查看平均值和
99%
或
99.9%
的值，这样就可以知道平均请求处理情况和
异常值。
在这些指标和属性中，哪些对监控来说是比较重要的？对于每一种请求类型，至少需要收
集总时间指标的平均值和较高的百分位（
99%
或
99.9%
）
，以及每秒请求次数，这样就可
以知道
broker
处理请求的整体性
能。如果有可能，那么也尽量收集每种请求类型的其他
6
种时间指标，这样就可以将性能问题细分到请求的各个阶段。
为这些时间指标设定告警阈值有一定的难度。例如，
Fetch
请求时间会受到各种因素的影
响，包括客户端等待消息的时间、主题的繁忙程度，以及客户端和
broker
之间的网络连接
速度。一般来说，可以为总时间指标设定
99.9
百
分位基线并设置告警，对
Produce
请求类
型来说更是如此。与非同步分区类似，
Produce
请求的
99.9
百分位快速增长说明集群出现
了大范围的性能问题。
13.3.4
主题的指标和分区的指标
除了用于描述
broker
一般行为的指标，还有很多主题级别的指标和分区级别的指标。在较
大的集群中，这样的指标很多，一般来说不太可能将它们全部收集到一个指标系统中，但
在调试与客户端相关的问题时，它们会很有用。例如，主题指标可用于识别造成集群流量
大量增长的主题。我们需要提供这些指标，并将它们提供给
Kafka
生产者和消费者
。不管
你是否能够定期收集这些指标，都有必要知道它们的用处。 ...
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