Chapter 1. An Introduction to Containers and Kubernetes
In this first chapter, we begin with a historical background of the origin of both containers and Kubernetes. We then describe the creation of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation and the role it has played in the explosive growth of Kubernetes and its ecosystem. We conclude this chapter with an overview of Kubernetes Conformance Certification initiatives, which are critical to ensuring Kubernetes interoperability, supporting portable workloads, and maintaining a cohesive open source ecosystem.
The Rise of Containers
In 2012, the foundation of most cloud environments was a virtualization infrastructure that provided users with the ability to instantiate multiple virtual machines (VMs). The VMs could attach volume storage and execute on cloud infrastructures that supported a variety of network virtualization options. These types of cloud environments could provision distributed applications such as web service stacks much more quickly than was previously possible. Before the availability of these types of cloud infrastructures, if an application developer wanted to build a web application, they typically waited weeks for the infrastructure team to install and configure web servers and database and provide network routing between the new machines. In contrast, these same application developers could utilize the new cloud environments to self-provision the same application infrastructure in less than a day. Life was good. ...
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