April 2025
Intermediate to advanced
328 pages
9h 3m
Italian
book
Kubernetes: Up and Running, 3a edizione
by Brendan Burns, Joe Beda, Kelsey Hightower, Lachlan Evenson
Content preview from Kubernetes: Up and Running, 3a edizione
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Capitolo 8. Bilanciamento del carico HTTP con Ingress
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Una parte fondamentale di qualsiasi applicazione è il traffico di rete da e verso l'applicazione stessa. Come descritto nel Capitolo 7, Kubernetes dispone di una serie di funzionalità che consentono di esporre i servizi all'esterno del cluster. Per molti utenti e casi d'uso semplici, queste funzionalità sono sufficienti.
Ma l'oggetto Service opera al livello 4 (secondo il modello OSI).1 Ciò significa che inoltra solo le connessioni TCP e UDP e non guarda all'interno di tali connessioni. Per questo motivo, l'hosting di molte applicazioni su un cluster utilizza diversi servizi esposti. Nel caso in cui questi servizi siano type: NodePort, dovrai fare in modo che i client si connettano a una porta unica per ogni servizio. Nel caso in cui questi servizi siano type: LoadBalancer, dovrai allocare risorse cloud (spesso costose o scarse) per ogni servizio. Ma per i servizi basati su HTTP (Layer 7), possiamo fare di meglio.
Per risolvere un problema simile in situazioni diverse da Kubernetes, gli utenti si rivolgono spesso all'idea del "virtual hosting". Si tratta di un meccanismo per ospitare molti siti HTTP su un unico indirizzo IP. In genere, l'utente utilizza un bilanciatore di carico o un reverse proxy per accettare le connessioni in entrata sulle porte HTTP (80) e HTTPS (443). Il programma ...
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