In this chapter, we will introduce the main elements of the microfluidic circuit of a lab on chip. A large number of different architectures have been proposed for key elements, such as valves and pumps, and it is almost impossible to name and analyze them all from the point of view of performance and technology [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. We will carry out a more detailed analysis for a selected number of building blocks, both to provide an idea of the performances that can be attained by these kinds of microsystems and to present examples of application of general methods to this particular field. We will also present a number of other examples without a detailed analysis of their performances to ...
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