October 2024
Intermediate to advanced
286 pages
5h 48m
Spanish
Content preview from Libro de recetas de la API web
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Capítulo 3. URL y enrutamiento
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Introducción
La mayoría de las páginas y aplicaciones web tratan con URLs de alguna manera. Puede ser una acción como crear un enlace con determinados parámetros de consulta, o un enrutamiento basado en URL en una aplicación de una sola página (SPA).
Una URL no es más que una cadena que cumple algunas reglas sintácticas definidas en el RFC 3986, "Identificador Uniforme de Recursos (URI): Sintaxis Genérica". Hay varios componentes de una URL que puedes necesitar analizar o manipular. Hacerlo con técnicas como las expresiones regulares o la concatenación de cadenas no siempre es fiable.
Hoy en día, los navegadores soportan la API de URL. Esta API proporciona un constructor URL que puede crear, derivar y manipular URLs. Esta API era algo limitada al principio, pero actualizaciones posteriores añadieron utilidades como la interfaz URLSearchParams que simplificaba la construcción y lectura de cadenas de consulta.
Partes de una URL
Cuando llamas al constructor URL con una cadena que representa una URL válida, el objeto resultante contiene propiedades que representan las distintas partes que componen la URL. La Figura 3-1 muestra las más utilizadas:
protocol(1)-
Para las URL web, suele ser
http:ohttps:(ten en cuenta que se incluyen los dos puntos, pero no las barras). Son posibles otros protocolos, comofile:(para un archivo local ...
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