CHAPTER 4
IPv4
Chapter 3 deals with the implementation of the ICMP protocol in IPv4 and in IPv6. This chapter, which deals with the IPv4 protocol, shows how ICMP messages are used for reporting Internet protocol errors under certain circumstances. The IPv4 protocol (Internet Protocol version 4) is one of the core protocols of today’s standards-based Internet and routes most of the traffic on the Internet. The base definition is in RFC 791, “Internet Protocol,” from 1981. The IPv4 protocol provides an end-to-end connectivity between any two hosts. Another important function of the IP layer is forwarding packets (also called routing) and managing ...
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