The Structure of a TransactionLegacy TransactionsEIP-2930 TransactionsEIP-1559 TransactionsEIP-4844 TransactionsEIP-7702 TransactionsThe Transaction NonceKeeping Track of NoncesGaps in Nonces, Duplicate Nonces, and ConfirmationConcurrency, Transaction Origination, and NoncesTransaction GasEIP-1559: Base Fee and Priority FeeHow to Know the “Correct” Gas PriceTransaction RecipientTransaction Value and DataTransmitting Value to EOAs and ContractsTransmitting a Data Payload to an EOA or ContractSpecial Transaction: Contract CreationDigital SignaturesThe ECDSAHow Digital Signatures WorkECDSA MathTransaction Signing in PracticeRaw Transaction Creation and SigningDeserializing the TransactionLow-Level Manual Construction of an EIP-1559 Raw TransactionRaw Transaction Creation with EIP-155The Signature Prefix Value (v) and Public Key RecoverySeparating Signing and Transmission (Offline Signing)Transaction Life CycleCreating and Signing the TransactionSending the Transaction to the NetworkBuilding the BlockFinalizing the TransactionAn Alternative Life CycleMEV and Proposer and Builder SeparationPrivate MempoolsNew Transaction Life CycleMultiple-Signature TransactionsConclusion