Mathematical Methods in Interdisciplinary Sciences

8Fluid Dynamics Problems in Uncertain Environment

Perumandla Karunakar¹, Uddhaba Biswal², and Snehashish Chakraverty²

¹Department of Mathematics, Amrita School of Engineering, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 601103, India

²Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India

8.1 Introduction

In general, fluid flow between two plates is one of the important problems in the field of fluid dynamics. The study of fluid flow in convergent and divergent channels is very important because of their vast application in engineering and industrial field such as heat exchangers for milk flowing, cold drawing operation in polymer industry, etc. Many authors have shown interest to study two‐dimensional incompressible fluid flow between two inclined planes. Jeffery [1] and Hamel [2] were the first persons to discuss about this problem, so it is known as Jeffery–Hamel problem. Jeffery–Hamel problems for heat transfer fluids have been studied by different authors by using different numerical methods. However, the heat transfers fluids, viz., water, oil, and ethylene glycol mixture, are poor heat transfer fluids. With the increasing global competition, industries have a strong need to develop advanced heat transfer fluid with significantly higher thermal conductivity than that of water, oil, etc. It is well known that metals in room temperature have higher thermal conductivity than that of fluids. Moreover, the thermal conductivity ...