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MATLAB机器学习
book

MATLAB机器学习

by Posts & Telecom Press, Giuseppe Ciaburro
May 2024
Intermediate to advanced
247 pages
4h 41m
Chinese
Packt Publishing
Content preview from MATLAB机器学习

第7章 人工神经网络——模拟人脑的思考方式

本章主要内容

  • 创建、训练和仿真神经网络
  • 拟合数据
  • 使用工具箱的GUI
  • 使用工具箱中的函数

人工神经网络是由一系列层次化的,对变量线性组合后又执行非线性变换的函数构建的数学模型。它使用极其简单的数学理论,但通过大量运算层次化结构,能够对任意复杂的数学模型进行精度非常高的逼近。通过神经网络,我们能够模拟诸多复杂的人脑活动,如图像识别、模式识别、语言理解、空间感知等。神经网络结构是对人脑神经元结构的一种简单模仿,网络中的节点相当于人脑中的神经元,连接节点的权重相当于神经元间突触的连接强度。神经网络往往由输入层、多个隐藏层以及输出层构成,浅层神经网络的输出作为深层神经网络的输入,每个隐藏层网络都对输入进行非线性变换。在输入层中,每个节点都对应于样本特征向量中的一个特征值,输出层中的节点则代表模型的计算结果。

MATLAB提供的神经网络工具箱(Neural Network Toolbox)用于训练、调用模型,并且针对工具箱制作了非常精美可视化的App,用于构建、训练、可视化以及仿真神经网络。我们可以使用它来进行分类、回归、聚类、降维、时间序列的预测以及动态系统建模与控制。工具箱封装了专门的数据结构和算法,以用于模型的构建、训练和使用。通过这些函数,程序能够通过例子学习并总结出内在规律,用来对输入进行分类。

在本章中,我们将讲述如何使用神经网络来拟合数据、分类及聚类,会学到如何进行数据预处理、构建和训练网络、结果处理、神经网络可视化以及模型评估。我们还将学习如何在调用神经网络前对数据集预先进行划分。

在本章结尾,我们将了解神经网络的基本概念以及如何在MATLAB环境中实现神经网络模型,将学会如何准备数据集、如何进行数据拟合,以及了解如何通过工具箱中的函数进行神经网络分析,以理解模型、参数是如何工作的等各种细节。 ...

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Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9781836201519