Matplotlib for Python Developers - Second Edition

Understanding t-Distributed stochastic neighbor embedding 

The t-SNE method was proposed by van der Maaten and Hinton in 2008 in the publication Visualizing Data using t-SNE. It is a nonlinear dimension reduction method that aims to effectively visualize high-dimensional data. t-SNE is based on probability distributions with random walk on neighborhood graphs to find the structure within the data. The mathematical details of t-SNE are beyond the scope of this book, and readers are advised to read the paper for more details.

In short, t-SNE is a way to capture non-linear relationships in a high-dimensional data. This is particularly useful when we are trying to extract features from a high-dimensional matrix such as image processing, biological ...