
of these devices. These extensions have been provided by the wireless application protocol (WAP)
programming model.
Two versions of the WAP are currently available, WAP 1.1 and WAP 2.0, with the latter
providing many more facilities, including higher speeds and ease of use. Both require the WAP
gateway, which translates Internet content for downloading on the small PDA.
In Japan, a radically different system called i-mode is used, which provides many services,
standardized by the Japanese NTTDoCoMo.
The WAP gateway provides both push and pull operations, unlike the traditional Web, by
the use of the push access protocol (PAP) and the over-the-air (OT ...