7.1 Introduction7.2 IoT-based smart building7.2.1 Basic components of IoT7.2.2 Sensors7.2.3 Gateways7.2.4 Building monitoring systems7.2.5 IoT with integrating AI in smart buildings7.2.6 Building automation systems (BAS)7.2.7 IoT-based indoor localization7.2.8 Lighting system7.2.9 Shielding schedulers7.2.10 Fire management system7.2.11 Heating, ventilation and air conditioning7.2.12 Energy efficiency toward smart buildings7.2.13 Monitoring7.2.14 Information management7.2.15 Automation system7.2.16 Feedback7.2.17 User participation7.3 Smart building architecture7.3.1 Building Energy Management System (BEMS)7.3.2 Protective lock system7.3.3 Fire safety system7.3.4 HVAC7.3.5 Movement monitoring system7.3.6 Cloud infrastructure7.4 Monitoring techniques for smart buildings7.4.1 Occupancy detection7.4.2 Occupancy counting7.4.2.1 Counting by whole7.4.2.2 Counting at a specific place or zone7.4.3 Occupancy tracking7.4.4 Occupancy event recognition7.4.5 Sensor network-based occupancy monitoring technique7.4.6 CO2 sensors7.4.6.1 Nondispersive infrared sensors7.4.6.2 Electrochemical sensors7.4.6.3 Metal oxide semiconductor sensors7.4.7 Humidity sensors7.4.8 Temperature sensor7.4.9 Microphone7.4.10 Data fusion for occupancy tracking7.4.11 Camera-based monitoring7.5 Opportunities and challenges7.5.1 Connectivity7.5.2 Security7.5.3 Poor testing7.5.4 Weak password7.5.5 Lack of visibility7.6 ConclusionReferences