book

Object-Oriented Programming with ANSI and Turbo C++

Name: Object-Oriented Programming with ANSI and Turbo C++
Author: Ashok Kamthane
ISBN: 9788131703830

by Ashok Kamthane

July 2006

Beginner to intermediate

728 pages

13h 49m

English

Pearson India

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Cover Page
Title Page
Dedication Page
Copyright Page
Preface
Acknowledgements
Contents
1. Introduction to C++
1.1- Evolution of C++1.2- ANSI Standard1.3- Object-Oriented Technology1.4- Disadvantage of Conventional Programming1.5- Programming Paradigms1.6- Preface to Object-Oriented Programming1.7- Key Concepts of Object-Oriented Programming1.8- Advantages of OOP1.9- Object-Oriented Languages1.10- Usage of OOP1.11- Usage of C++SummaryExercises
2. Input and Output In C++
2.1- Introduction2.2- Streams in C++2.3- Pre-Defined Streams2.4- Buffering2.5- Stream Classes2.6- Formatted and Unformatted Data2.7- Unformatted Console I/O Operations2.8- Typecasting with Cout Statement2.9- Member Functions of Istream Class2.10- Formatted Console I/O Operations2.11- Bit Fields2.12- Flags without Bit Field2.13- Manipulators2.14- User-Defined Manipulators2.15- Manipulator with One Parameter2.16- Manipulators with Multiple Parameters2.17- Custom Built I/O ObjectsSummaryExercises
3. C++ Declarations
3.1- Introduction3.2- Parts of C++ Program3.3- Types of Tokens3.4- Keywords3.5- Identifiers3.6- Dynamic Initialization3.7- Data Types in C++3.8- Basic Data Type3.9- Derived Data Type3.10- User-Defined Data Type3.11- The Void Data Type3.12- Type Modifiers3.13- Wrapping Around3.14- Typecasting3.15- Constants3.16- Constant Pointers3.17- Operators in C and C++3.18- Precedence of Operators in C++3.19- Referencing (&) and Dereferencing (*) Operators3.20- Scope Access Operator3.21- Memory Management Operators3.22- Comma Operator3.23- Comma in Place of Curly BracesSummaryExercises
4. Control Structures
4.1- Introduction4.2- Decision-Making Statements4.3- The if–else Statement4.4- The Nested if–else Statement4.5- The jump Statement4.6- The goto Statement4.7- The Break Statement4.8- The Continue Statement4.9- The Switch Case Statement4.10- The Nested Switch()Case Statement4.11- Loops in C/C++4.12- The for Loop4.13- Nested for Loops4.14- The while Loop4.15- The do-while LoopSummaryExercises

5. Functions in C++
5.1- Introduction5.2- The Main() Function in C and C++5.3- Parts of Function5.4- Passing Arguments5.5- LValues and RValues5.6- Return by Reference5.7- Returning More Values by Reference5.8- Default Arguments5.9- The Const Argument5.10- Inputting Default Arguments5.11- Inline Functions5.12- Function Overloading5.13- Principles of Function Overloading5.14- Precautions with Function Overloading5.15- Library FunctionsSummaryExercises
6. Classes and Objects
6.1- Introduction6.2- Structures in C6.3- Structures in C++6.4- Classes in C++6.5- Declaring Objects6.6- The public Keyword6.7- The Private Keyword6.8- The Protected Keyword6.9- Defining Member Functions6.10- Characteristics of Member Functions6.11- Outside Member Function Inline6.12- Rules for Inline Functions6.13- Data Hiding or Encapsulation6.14- Classes, Objects and Memory6.15- Static Member Variables and Functions6.16- Static Object6.17- Array of Objects6.18- Objects as Function Arguments6.19- Friend Functions6.20- The Const Member Function6.21- Recursive Member Function6.22- Local Classes6.23- Empty, Static and Const Classes6.24- Member Functions and Non-Member Functions6.25- The Main() as a Member Function6.26- Overloading Member Functions6.27- Overloading Main() Function6.28- The Main(), Member Function and Indirect Recursion6.29- Bit Fields and ClassesSummaryExercises
7. Constructors and Destructors
7.1- Introduction7.2- Constructors and Destructors7.3- Characteristics of Constructors and Destructors7.4- Applications with Constructors7.5- Constructors with Arguments7.6- Overloading Constructors7.7- Constructors with Default Arguments7.8- Copy Constructors7.9- The Const Objects7.10- Destructors7.11- Calling Constructors and Destructors7.12- Qualifier and Nested Classes7.13- Anonymous Objects7.14- Private Constructors and Destructors7.15- Dynamic Initialization Using Constructors7.16- Dynamic Operators and Constructors7.17- The Main() as a Constructor and Destructor7.18- Recursive Constructor7.19- Program ExecutiOn Before Main()7.20- Constructor and Destructor with Static Members7.21- Local vs Global ObjectSummaryExercises
8. Operator Overloading and Type Conversion
8.1- Introduction8.2- The Keyword Operator8.3- Overloading Unary Operators8.4- Operator Return Type8.5- Constraint on Increment and Decrement Operators8.6- Overloading Binary Operators8.7- Overloading with Friend Function8.8- Type Conversion8.9- Rules for Overloading Operators8.10- One Argument Constructor and Operator Function8.11- Overloading Stream OperatorsSummaryExercises
9. Inheritance
9.1- Introduction9.2- Access Specifiers and Simple Inheritance9.3- Protected Data with Private Inheritance9.4- Types of Inheritances9.5- Single Inheritance9.6- Multilevel Inheritance9.7- Multiple Inheritance9.8- Hierarchical Inheritance9.9- Hybrid Inheritance9.10- Multipath Inheritance9.11- Virtual Base Classes9.12- Constructors, Destructors and Inheritance9.13- Object as a Class Member9.14- Abstract Classes9.15- Qualifier Classes and Inheritance9.16- Common Constructor9.17- Pointers and Inheritance9.18- Overloading Member Function9.19- Advantages of Inheritance9.20- Disadvantages of InheritanceSummaryExercises
10. Pointers and Arrays
10.1- Introduction10.2- Pointer Declaration10.3- Void Pointers10.4- Wild Pointers10.5- Pointer to Class10.6- Pointer to Object10.7- The this Pointer10.8- Pointer to Derived Classes and Base Classes10.9- Pointer to Members10.10- Accessing Private Members with Pointers10.11- Direct Access to Private Members10.12- Address of Object and Void Pointers10.13- Arrays10.14- Characteristics of Arrays10.15- Initialization of Arrays Using Functions10.16- Arrays of ClassesSummaryExercises
11. C++ and Memory
11.1- Introduction11.2- Memory Models11.3- The New and Delete Operators11.4- Heap Consumption11.5- Overloading New and Delete Operators11.6- Execution Sequence of Constructors and Destructors11.7- Specifying Address of an Object11.8- Dynamic Objects11.9- Calling ConventionSummaryExercises
12. Binding, Polymorphism and Virtual Functions
12.1- Introduction12.2- Binding in C++12.3- Pointer to Derived Class Objects12.4- Virtual Functions12.5- Rules for Virtual Functions12.6- Array of Pointers12.7- Pure Virtual Functions12.8- Abstract Classes12.9- Working of Virtual Functions12.10- Virtual Functions in Derived Classes12.11- Object Slicing12.12- Constructors and Virtual Functions12.13- Virtual Destructors12.14- Destructors and Virtual FunctionsSummaryExercises
13. Applications with Files
13.1- Introduction13.2- File Stream Classes13.3- Steps of File Operations13.4- Checking for Errors13.5- Finding End of a File13.6- File Opening Modes13.7- File Pointers and Manipulators13.8- Manipulators with Arguments13.9- Sequential Read and Write Operations13.10- Binary and ASCII Files13.11- Random Access Operation13.12- Error Handling Functions13.13- Command Line Arguments13.14- Strstreams13.15- Sending Output to DevicesSummaryExercises
14. Generic Programming with Templates
14.1- Introduction14.2- Need of Template14.3- Definition of Class Template14.4- Normal Function Template14.5- Working of Function Templates14.6- Class Template with More Parameters14.7- Function Templates with More Arguments14.8- Overloading of Template Functions14.9- Member Function Templates14.10- Recursion with Template Function14.11- Class Template with Overloaded Operators14.12- Class Template Revisited14.13- Class Templates and Inheritance14.14- Bubble Sort Using Function Template14.15- Guidelines for Templates14.16- Difference Between Templates and Macros14.17- Linked List with TemplatesSummaryExercises
15. Exception Handling
15.1- Introduction15.2- Principles of Exception Handling15.3- The Keywords Try, Throw and Catch15.4- Exception Handling Mechanism15.5- Multiple Catch Statements15.6- Catching Multiple Exceptions15.7- Rethrowing Exception15.8- Specifying Exception15.9- Exceptions in Constructors and Destructors15.10- Controlling Uncaught Exceptions15.11- Exception and Operator Overloading15.12- Exception and Inheritance15.13- Class Template with Exception Handling15.14- Guidelines for Exception HandlingSummaryExercises
16. Working with Strings
16.1- Introduction16.2- Moving from C String to C++ String16.3- Declaring and Initializing String Objects16.4- Relational Operators16.5- Handling String Objects16.6- String Attributes16.7- Accessing Elements of Strings16.8- Comparing and Exchanging16.9- Miscellaneous FunctionsSummaryExercises
17. Overview of Standard Template Library (STL)
17.1- Introduction to STL17.2- STL Programming Model17.3- Containers17.4- Sequence Containers17.5- Associative Containers17.6- Algorithms17.7- Iterators17.8- Vector17.9- List17.10- Maps17.11- Function ObjectsSummaryExercises
18. Additional about Ansi and Turbo C++
18.1- Introduction18.2- Innovative Data Types18.3- New Typecasting Operators18.4- The Keyword explicit18.5- The Keyword mutable18.6- Namespace Scope18.7- Nested Namespaces18.8- Anonymous Namespaces18.9- The Using Keyword18.10- Namespace Alias18.11- The Standard Namespace STD18.12- ANSI and TURBO C++ Keywords18.13- ANSI and TURBO C++ Header Files18.14- C++ Operator KeywordsSummaryExercises
19. Marching Towards Java
19.1- Evolution of Java19.2- Java Technology19.3- Features of Java19.4- Overview of Java19.5- Differences between C/C++ and Java19.6- Keywords19.7- Java Virtual Machine (JVM)19.8- Structure of a Java Program19.9- Implementing a Java Program19.10- Constants, Variables and Data Types19.11- Classes, Objects and Methods19.12- Overriding Methods19.13- Multithreading19.14- Life Cycle of Thread19.15- Packages19.16- AppletsSummaryExercises
Appendices
Index
Back Cover

Content preview from Object-Oriented Programming with ANSI and Turbo C++

11 CHAPTER

C++ and Memory

CHAPTEROUTLINE	—• 11.1 Introduction
	—• 11.2 Memory Models
	—• 11.3 The new and delete Operators
	—• 11.4 Heap Consumption
	—• 11.5 Overloading new and delete Operators
	—• 11.6 Execution Sequence of Constructors and Destructors
	—• 11.7 Specifying Address of an Object
	—• 11.8 Dynamic Objects
	—• 11.9 Calling Convention

11.1 INTRODUCTION

Memory is one of the critical resources of a computer system. One must be conscious about the memory modules while an application is being developed. In this chapter, we will learn stack, heap, dynamic object, and calling conventions.

11.2 MEMORY MODELS

The memory model sets the supportable size of code and data areas as shown in Figure 11.1. Before compiling and linking ...

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Object-Oriented Programming with ANSI and Turbo C++

by Ashok Kamthane

11

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