
30 OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER CIRCUITS: ANALYSIS
AND
DESIGN
as instrumentation, much less bandwidth will be available. Acceptable gain
errors for such applications are typically 1% or even
0.1%.
The available band-
width in these cases is readily determined from the 20 dB per decade roll-off of
the amplifier.
For 1% error, the open loop gain must be at least 100 times the required
closed loop gain. This corresponds to 40 dB, or two decades, so the available
bandwidth is 1/100 of the 3 dB value. Similarly, 0.1% error reduces the band-
width to
1/1000.
Applying these values to the previous example of a 741
amplifier with a closed loop gain of 50, fo ...