Footnotes

Acknowledgments

1. The other two IBM values are “Innovation that matters, for our company and for the world” and “Trust and personal responsibility in all relationships.” In July 2003, IBM’s CEO, Sam Palmisano, invited all of IBM’s 319,000 employees at the time to join a “values jam” on the corporate global intranet. Tens of thousands participated and it was the IBMers themselves who determined that our actions would be driven by these three values.

Chapter 1

1. The Standish Group, The CHAOS Report (1994). The 2004 CHAOS report indicated substantial improvement, with canceled projects dropping to 18% and cost overruns down to an average of 56%. Still not a happy situation. See www.standishgroup.com.

2. We use the word product as synonymous ...

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