This chapter will focus on temperature, heat, and heat transfer. We will describe how to measure these quantities and how to control them (Figure 10.1).
Exactly what is a thermometer measuring when it measures temperature? When water is heated, its molecules or atoms begin vibrating or moving about faster, increasing their kinetic energies (Figure 10.2). This energy is transferred to the thermometer. The thermometer is therefore measuring the average kinetic energy of the water.
FIGURE 10.1 Heat delivered to a nail
10.1 TEMPERATURE SCALES
There are many temperature scales. We will discuss three of them: Celsius, ...
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