March 2025
Intermediate to advanced
200 pages
4h 55m
Spanish
Content preview from Potente Python
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Capítulo 4. Decoradores
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Python dispone de una potente herramienta llamadadecorador. Los decoradores te permiten añadir ricas características a grupos de funciones y métodos, sin modificarlos en absoluto; desenmarañar preocupaciones distintas y frustrantemente entrelazadas en tu código, de formas que de otro modo no serían posibles; y construir marcos de software potentes y extensibles. Muchas de las bibliotecas de Python más populares e importantes del mundo utilizan decoradores. Este capítulo te enseña a hacer lo mismo.
Un decorador es algo que se aplica a una función o método. Probablemente hayas visto decoradores antes. Hay un decorador llamadoproperty que se utiliza a menudo en las clases:
classPerson:def__init__(self,first_name,last_name):self.first_name=first_nameself.last_name=last_name@propertydeffull_name(self):returnself.first_name+" "+self.last_name
>>>person=Person("John","Smith")>>>(person.full_name)John Smith
Ten en cuenta que está imprimiendo person.full_name, no person.full_name().
Otro ejemplo: en el framework web Flask, así es como se define una página de inicio sencilla:
@app.route("/")defhello():return"<html><body>Hello World!</body></html>"
El app.route("/") es un decorador, aplicado aquí a la función llamada hello(). Así, una solicitud HTTP GET a la URL raíz ("/") será gestionada por la función hello() ...
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