16 Practical Biomedical Signal Analysis Using MATLAB
R
To actually perform a test, a function called statistic S(x) is needed. We assume
that the data are random variables and represent a sample taken from some popu-
lation characterized by properties which are in accordance with the null hypothesis.
Statistic is a function of a random variable. The main thing that must be known about
the statistic is the probability with which it takes different values for the random vari-
ables conforming to the null hypothesis.
If for the given data the computed statistics is S
x
= S(x) then the p value returned
by the test is the probability of observing statistics with values equal or more extreme
than S
x
.Ifthep value is high, then we assume that the data conform ...