Adding new columns can provide much of the extra data that you want to output in tools like Power BI Desktop. It is unlikely, however, that this approach can deliver all the analyses that you need. Specifically, calculated columns can only work on a row-by-row basis; they cannot contain formulas that have to apply to all or part of the records in a table. For instance, counting the number of cars sold for a year, a quarter, or a month has nothing to do with the data in a single row in the Stock table. It does, however concern the table as a whole.
Generally, you need to ...