book

Programming PHP

by Rasmus Lerdorf, Kevin Tatroe

March 2002

Intermediate to advanced

528 pages

21h 29m

English

O'Reilly Media, Inc.

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Audience for This Book
Rasmus LerdorfKevin TatroeBob KaehmsRic McGredy
What Does PHP Do?
The Evolution of PHPThe Growth of PHP
Configuration PageFormsDatabasesGraphicsFrom the Shell

Lexical StructureCase SensitivityStatements and SemicolonsWhitespace and Line BreaksCommentsShell-style commentsC++ commentsC commentsLiteralsIdentifiersVariable namesFunction namesClass namesConstantsKeywords
IntegersFloating-Point NumbersStringsBooleansArraysObjectsResourcesNULL
Variable VariablesVariable ReferencesVariable ScopeLocal scopeGlobal scopeStatic variablesFunction parametersGarbage Collection
Number of OperandsOperator PrecedenceOperator AssociativityImplicit CastingArithmetic OperatorsString Concatenation OperatorAutoincrement and Autodecrement OperatorsComparison OperatorsBitwise OperatorsLogical OperatorsCasting OperatorsAssignment OperatorsAssignmentAssignment with operationMiscellaneous Operators
ifswitchwhileforforeachdeclareexit and return
XML StyleSGML StyleASP StyleScript StyleEchoing Content Directly
Calling a Function
Global VariablesStatic Variables
Passing Parameters by ValuePassing Parameters by ReferenceDefault ParametersVariable ParametersMissing Parameters
Quoting String ConstantsVariable InterpolationSingle-Quoted StringsDouble-Quoted StringsHere Documents
echoprint( )printf( )Format modifiersType specifiersprint_r( ) and var_dump( )
Removing WhitespaceChanging Case
HTMLEntity-quoting all special charactersEntity-quoting only HTML syntax charactersRemoving HTML tagsExtracting meta tagsURLsRFC 1738 encoding and decodingQuery-string encodingSQLC-String Encoding
Exact ComparisonsApproximate Equality
SubstringsMiscellaneous String FunctionsDecomposing a StringExploding and implodingTokenizingsscanf( )String-Searching FunctionsSearches returning positionSearches returning rest of stringSearches using masksDecomposing URLs
The BasicsCharacter ClassesAlternativesRepeating SequencesSubpatterns
Character ClassesAnchorsFunctionsMatchingReplacingSplitting
DelimitersMatch BehaviorCharacter ClassesAnchorsQuantifiers and GreedNon-Capturing GroupsBackreferencesTrailing OptionsInline OptionsLookahead and LookbehindCutConditional ExpressionsFunctionsMatchingReplacingSplittingFiltering an array with a regular expressionQuoting for regular expressionsDifferences from Perl Regular Expressions
Indexed Versus Associative Arrays
Adding Values to the End of an ArrayAssigning a Range of ValuesGetting the Size of an ArrayPadding an Array
Slicing an ArraySplitting an Array into ChunksKeys and ValuesChecking Whether an Element ExistsRemoving and Inserting Elements in an Array
Creating Variables from an ArrayCreating an Array from Variables
The foreach ConstructThe Iterator FunctionsUsing a for LoopCalling a Function for Each Array ElementReducing an ArraySearching for Values
Sorting One Array at a TimeNatural-Order SortingSorting Multiple Arrays at OnceReversing ArraysRandomizing Order
Calculating the Sum of an ArrayMerging Two ArraysCalculating the Difference Between Two ArraysFiltering Elements from an Array
SetsStacks
Terminology
Declaring MethodsDeclaring PropertiesInheritanceConstructorsReferences
Examining ClassesExamining an ObjectSample Introspection Program
HTTP Basics
MethodsParametersAutomatic Quoting of ParametersSelf-Processing PagesSticky FormsMultivalued ParametersSticky Multivalued ParametersFile UploadsForm Validation
Different Content TypesRedirectionsExpirationAuthentication
CookiesSessionsSession basicsAlternatives to cookiesCustom storageCombining Cookies and Sessions
Using PHP to Access a Database
Data Source NamesConnectingError CheckingIssuing a QueryFetching Results from a QueryReturning the rowStoring the rowInside a row arrayFinishing the resultDisconnecting
PlaceholdersPrepare/ExecuteShortcutsDetails About a Query ResponseSequencesMetadataTransactions
Database TablesDatabase ConnectionAdministrator’s PageAdding a BusinessDisplaying the Database
Embedding an Image in a Page
The Structure of a Graphics ProgramChanging the Output FormatTesting for Supported Image FormatsReading an Existing FileBasic Drawing Functions
FontsTrueType Fonts
Caching the Dynamically Generated ButtonsA Faster Cache
Using the Alpha ChannelIdentifying ColorsTrue Color Color IndexesText Representation of an Image
PDF Extensions
A Simple ExampleInitializing the DocumentSetting MetadataCreating a PageOutputting Basic TextTerminating and Streaming a PDF Document
CoordinatesText FunctionsText AttributesFontsEmbedding Fonts
ImagesGraphicsPatternsTemplates
Bookmarks and ThumbnailsLinks
Note AnnotationsAttaching Files to a PDF DocumentPage Transitions
Lightning Guide to XML
Element HandlersCharacter Data HandlerProcessing InstructionsEntity HandlersExternal entitiesUnparsed entitiesDefault HandlerOptionsCharacter encodingCase foldingUsing the ParserErrorsMethods as HandlersSample Parsing Application
ServersClients
Global Variables and Form DataInitialize VariablesSet variables_order
Check for Relative PathsRestrict Filesystem Access to a Specific Directory
Distrust Browser-Supplied FilenamesBeware of Filling Your FilesystemSurviving register_globals
Get It Right the First TimeSession FilesDon’t Use FilesSafe Mode
Code Libraries
Output BufferingCompressing Output
Error ReportingError SuppressionTriggering ErrorsDefining Error HandlersLogging in error handlersOutput buffering in error handlers
BenchmarkingProfilingOptimizing Execution TimeOptimizing Memory RequirementsReverse Proxies and ReplicationReverse-proxy cacheLoad balancing and redirectionMySQL replicationPutting it all together
Architectural Overview
The PHP SourceSoftware Tools
Command-Line PHPPlanning Your ExtensionCreating a Skeleton ExtensionFleshing Out the SkeletonCompiling Your ExtensionStandalone extensionsCompiling the extension into PHPTesting Your Extension
No External DependenciesExternal Dependencies
MAKE_STD_ZVAL( )SEPARATE_ZVAL( )zval_copy_ctor( )Accessor Macros
A Simple ExampleA More Complex ExampleAn Example with Variable Argument List
Simple TypesArraysObjects
SAPI Globals (SG)Executor Globals (EG)Internal Extension Globals
Installing and Configuring PHP on WindowsGoing Straight to the SourceConfiguring PHP with a Web ServerConfiguration common to all Microsoft installationsUsing the PHP installer to automatically configure PHPManually configuring PWSManually configuring ApacheOther installers and prepackaged distributionsAdding Extensions to the Base Distribution
Determining the PlatformHandling Paths Across PlatformsThe EnvironmentSending MailServer-Specific FunctionsRemote FilesEnd-of-Line HandlingEnd-of-File HandlingExternal CommandsCommon Platform-Specific Extensions
BackgroundPHP FunctionsDetermining the APICompleting a Word DocumentReading and Writing Excel Files
Configuring a DSNAccessing Excel DataLimitations of Excel as a DatabaseWorking with Access
PHP Functions by Category
Optional Extensions Listing

Content preview from Programming PHP

Name

end

Synopsis

mixed end(array array)

Advances the array’s internal pointer to the last element and returns the element’s value.

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Programming PHP, 3rd Edition

Rasmus Lerdorf, Kevin Tatroe, Peter MacIntyre

Core PHP Programming, Third Edition

Leon Atkinson

Programming PHP, 2nd Edition

Rasmus Lerdorf, Kevin Tatroe, Peter MacIntyre

Clean Code in PHP

Carsten Windler, Alexandre Daubois

Publisher Resources

ISBN: 1565926102Supplemental Content Catalog Page Errata