book

Programming Windows®, Fifth Edition

by Charles Petzold

November 1998

Intermediate to advanced

1520 pages

37h 53m

English

Microsoft Press

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A History of WindowsAspects of WindowsDynamic Linking
APIs and Memory ModelsLanguage OptionsThe Programming EnvironmentAPI Documentation
A Character-Mode ModelThe Windows EquivalentThe Header FilesProgram Entry PointThe MessageBox FunctionCompile, Link, and Run
American StandardsThe World BeyondExtending ASCIIDouble-Byte Character SetsUnicode to the Rescue
The char Data TypeWider CharactersWide-Character Library FunctionsMaintaining a Single Source

Windows Header File TypesThe Windows Function CallsWindows’ String FunctionsUsing printf in WindowsA Formatting Message BoxInternationalization and This Book
An Architectural OverviewThe HELLOWIN ProgramThinking GloballyThe Windows Function CallsUppercase IdentifiersNew Data TypesGetting a Handle on HandlesHungarian NotationRegistering the Window ClassCreating the WindowDisplaying the WindowThe Message LoopThe Window ProcedureProcessing the MessagesPlaying a Sound FileThe WM_PAINT MessageThe WM_DESTROY Message
Don’t Call Me, I’ll Call YouQueued and Nonqueued MessagesGet In and Out Fast
The WM_PAINT MessageValid and Invalid Rectangles
The Device ContextGetting a Device Context Handle: Method OneThe Paint Information StructureGetting a Device Context Handle: Method TwoTextOut: The DetailsThe System FontThe Size of a CharacterText Metrics: The DetailsFormatting TextPutting It All TogetherThe SYSMETS1.C Window ProcedureNot Enough RoomThe Size of the Client Area
Scroll Bar Range and PositionScroll Bar MessagesScrolling SYSMETSStructuring Your Program for Painting
The Scroll Bar Information FunctionsHow Low Can You Scroll?The New SysmetsBut I Don’t Like to Use the Mouse
The GDI PhilosophyThe GDI Function CallsThe GDI PrimitivesOther Stuff
Getting a Device Context HandleGetting Device Context InformationThe DEVCAPS1 ProgramThe Size of the DeviceFinding Out About ColorThe Device Context AttributesSaving Device Contexts
Setting PixelsStraight LinesThe Bounding Box FunctionsBezier SplinesUsing Stock PensCreating, Selecting, and Deleting PensFilling in the GapsDrawing Modes
The Polygon Function and the Polygon-Filling ModeBrushing the Interior
Device Coordinates and Logical CoordinatesThe Device Coordinate SystemsThe Viewport and the WindowWorking with MM_TEXTThe Metric Mapping ModesThe “Roll Your Own” Mapping ModesThe MM_ISOTROPIC Mapping ModeMM_ANISOTROPIC: Stretching the Image to FitThe WHATSIZE Program
Working with RectanglesRandom RectanglesCreating and Painting RegionsClipping with Rectangles and RegionsThe CLOVER Program
Ignoring the KeyboardWho’s Got the Focus?Queues and SynchronizationKeystrokes and Characters
System and Nonsystem KeystrokesVirtual Key CodesThe lParam InformationRepeat CountOEM Scan CodeExtended Key FlagContext CodePrevious Key StateTransition StateShift StatesUsing Keystroke MessagesEnhancing SYSMETS for the Keyboard
The Four Character MessagesMessage OrderingControl Character ProcessingDead-Character Messages
The KEYVIEW1 ProgramThe Foreign-Language Keyboard ProblemCharacter Sets and FontsWhat About Unicode?TrueType and Big Fonts
The Caret FunctionsThe TYPER Program.
Some Quick DefinitionsThe Plural of Mouse Is…
Simple Mouse Processing: An ExampleProcessing Shift KeysMouse Double-Clicks
The Hit-Test MessageMessages Beget Messages
A Hypothetical ExampleA Sample ProgramEmulating the Mouse with the KeyboardAdd a Keyboard Interface to CHECKERUsing Child Windows for Hit-TestingChild Windows in CHECKERChild Windows and the Keyboard
Blocking Out a RectangleThe Capture SolutionThe BLOKOUT2 Program
Still to Come
The System and the TimerTimer Messages Are Not Asynchronous
Method OneMethod TwoMethod Three
Building a Digital ClockGetting the Current TimeDisplaying Digits and ColonsGoing InternationalBuilding an Analog Clock
Creating the Child WindowsThe Child Talks to Its ParentThe Parent Talks to Its ChildPush ButtonsCheck BoxesRadio ButtonsGroup BoxesChanging the Button TextVisible and Enabled ButtonsButtons and Input Focus
System ColorsThe Button ColorsThe WM_CTLCOLORBTN MessageOwner-Draw Buttons
The COLORS1 ProgramThe Automatic Keyboard InterfaceWindow SubclassingColoring the BackgroundColoring the Scroll Bars and Static Text
The Edit Class StylesEdit Control NotificationUsing the Edit ControlsMessages to an Edit Control
List Box StylesPutting Strings in the List BoxSelecting and Extracting EntriesReceiving Messages from List BoxesA Simple List Box ApplicationListing FilesUsing file attribute codesOrdering file listsA head for Windows
Adding an Icon to a ProgramGetting a Handle on IconsUsing Icons in Your ProgramUsing Customized CursorsCharacter String ResourcesCustom Resources
Menu ConceptsMenu StructureDefining the MenuReferencing the Menu in Your ProgramMenus and MessagesA Sample ProgramMenu EtiquetteDefining a Menu the Hard WayFloating Popup MenusUsing the System MenuChanging the MenuOther Menu CommandsAn Unorthodox Approach to Menus
Why You Should Use Keyboard AcceleratorsSome Rules on Assigning AcceleratorsThe Accelerator TableLoading the Accelerator TableTranslating the KeystrokesReceiving the Accelerator MessagesPOPPAD with a Menu and AcceleratorsEnabling Menu ItemsProcessing the Menu Options
Creating an “About” Dialog BoxThe Dialog Box and Its TemplateThe Dialog Box ProcedureInvoking the Dialog BoxVariations on a ThemeA More Complex Dialog BoxWorking with Dialog Box ControlsThe OK and Cancel ButtonsAvoiding Global VariablesTab Stops and GroupsPainting on the Dialog BoxUsing Other Functions with Dialog BoxesDefining Your Own Controls
Differences Between Modal and Modeless Dialog BoxesThe New COLORS ProgramHEXCALC: Window or Dialog Box?
POPPAD RevisitedUnicode File I/OChanging the FontSearch and ReplaceThe One-Function-Call Windows Program
The Standard Clipboard Data FormatsMemory AllocationTransferring Text to the ClipboardGetting Text from the ClipboardOpening and Closing the ClipboardThe Clipboard and Unicode
Using Multiple Data ItemsDelayed RenderingPrivate Data Formats
The Clipboard Viewer ChainClipboard Viewer Functions and MessagesA Simple Clipboard Viewer
Printing and SpoolingThe Printer Device ContextThe Revised DEVCAPS ProgramThe PrinterProperties CallChecking for BitBlt CapabilityThe Simplest Printing Program
Bare-Bones PrintingCanceling Printing with an Abort ProcedureHow Windows Uses AbortProcImplementing an Abort ProcedureAdding a Printing Dialog BoxAdding Printing to POPPAD
Where Do Bitmaps Come From?
Color and BitmapsReal-World DevicesBitmap Support in GDI
A Simple BitBltStretching the BitmapThe StretchBlt ModeThe Raster OperationsThe Pattern Blt
Creating a DDBThe Bitmap BitsThe Memory Device ContextLoading Bitmap ResourcesThe Monochrome Bitmap FormatBrushes from BitmapsDrawing on BitmapsThe Shadow BitmapUsing Bitmaps in MenusNonrectangular Bitmap ImagesSome Simple AnimationBitmaps Outside the Window
The OS/2-Style DIBBottoms Up!The DIB Pixel BitsThe Expanded Windows DIBReality CheckDIB CompressionColor MaskingThe Version 4 HeaderThe Version 5 HeaderDisplaying DIB Information
Digging into the DIBPixel to PixelThe Topsy-Turvy World of DIBsSequential DisplayStretching to FitColor Conversion, Palettes, and Performance
Creating a DDB from a DIBFrom DDB to DIBThe DIB SectionMore DIB Section DifferencesThe File-Mapping OptionIn Summary
Video HardwareDisplaying Gray ShadesThe Palette MessagesThe Palette Index ApproachQuerying the Palette SupportThe System PaletteOther Palette FunctionsThe Raster-Op ProblemLooking at the System Palette
The Bouncing BallOne-Entry Palette AnimationEngineering Applications
Palettes and Packed DIBsThe All-Purpose PaletteThe Halftone PaletteIndexing Palette ColorsPalettes and Bitmap ObjectsPalettes and DIB Sections
The DIBSTRUCT StructureThe Information FunctionsReading and Writing PixelsCreating and ConvertingThe DIBHELP Header File and MacrosThe DIBBLE ProgramFile Loading and SavingDisplaying, Scrolling, and PrintingThe ClipboardFlipping and RotatingSimple Palettes; Optimized PalettesThe Uniform DistributionThe “Popularity” AlgorithmThe “Median Cut” AlgorithmConverting Formats
The Text Drawing FunctionsDevice Context Attributes for TextUsing Stock Fonts
The Types of FontsTrueType FontsAttributes or Styles?The Point SizeLeading and SpacingThe Logical Inch Problem
Logical Font Creation and SelectionThe PICKFONT ProgramThe Logical Font StructureThe Font-Mapping AlgorithmFinding Out About the FontCharacter Sets and UnicodeThe EZFONT SystemFont Rotation
The Enumeration FunctionsThe ChooseFont Dialog
Simple Text FormattingWorking with ParagraphsPreviewing Printer Output
The GDI PathExtended PensFour Sample Programs
Simple Use of Memory MetafilesStoring Metafiles on DiskOld Metafiles and the Clipboard
The Basic ProcedureLooking InsideMetafiles and GDI ObjectsMetafiles and BitmapsEnumerating the MetafileEmbedding ImagesAn Enhanced Metafile Viewer and PrinterDisplaying Accurate Metafile ImagesScaling and Aspect RatiosMapping Modes in MetafilesMapping and Playing
The Elements of MDIMDI Support
Three MenusProgram InitializationCreating the ChildrenMore Frame Window Message ProcessingThe Child Document WindowsCleaning Up
Multitasking Under DOS?Nonpreemptive MultitaskingPM and the Serialized Message QueueThe Multithreading SolutionMultithreaded ArchitectureThread HasslesThe Windows AdvantageNew! Improved! Now with Threads!
Random Rectangles RevisitedThe Programming Contest ProblemThe Multithreaded SolutionAny Problems?The Benefits of Sleep
The Critical Section
The BIGJOB1 ProgramThe Event Object
Library: One Word, Many MeaningsA Simple DLLThe Library Entry and Exit PointThe Test ProgramShared Memory in DLLsThe STRPROG ProgramSharing Data Among STRPROG Instances
Dynamic Linking Without ImportsResource-Only Libraries
Multimedia HardwareAn API OverviewExploring MCI with TESTMCIMCITEXT and CD Audio
Sound and WaveformsPulse Code ModulationThe Sampling RateThe Sample SizeGenerating Sine Waves in SoftwareA Digital Sound RecorderThe MCI AlternativeThe MCI Command String ApproachThe Waveform Audio File FormatExperimenting with Additive SynthesisWaking Up to Waveform Audio
The Workings of MIDIThe Program ChangeThe MIDI ChannelMIDI MessagesAn Introduction to MIDI SequencingPlaying a MIDI Synthesizer from the PC KeyboardA MIDI Drum MachineThe Multimedia time FunctionsRIFF File I/O
Sockets and TCP/IPNetwork Time ServicesThe NETTIME Program
Overview of the FTP APIThe Update Demo

Content preview from Programming Windows®, Fifth Edition

Chapter 16. The Palette Manager

This chapter would not exist were it not for a hardware deficiency. Although many modern video adapter boards offer 24-bit color (also known as “true color” or “millions of colors”) or 16-bit color (“high color” or “thousands of colors”), some video adapters—particularly on laptops or in high-resolution video modes—allow only 8 bits per pixel. The use of 8 bits per pixel implies only 256 simultaneous colors.

What can we do with 256 colors? While a mere 16 colors are clearly inadequate for displaying real-world images and the use of thousands or millions of colors is quite sufficient for that task, 256 colors falls somewhere in the middle. Yes, 256 colors are adequate for displaying a real-world image, but only if ...