Python Pocket Reference, 3rd Edition

Tkinter GUI Module and Tools

|

119

object = U.load()

Reads an object from the unpickler’s file/stream.

object = pickle.load(fileobject)

Combination of the previous two: unpickles object from

file.

string = pickle.dumps(object)

Returns pickled representation of object as a string.

object = pickle.loads(string)

Reads an object from a character string instead of a file.

Notes

• Pickler and Unpickler are exported classes.

•

fileobject is an open file object, or any object that

implements file object attributes called by the interface.

Pickler calls the file write method with a string argu-

ment.

Unpickler calls the file read method with a byte-

count and

readline without arguments.

• In recent releases, the

Pickler constructor and the mod-

ule’s

dump and dumps functions have an additional argu-

ment, which used to be a flag named

bin and is now an

integer named

protocol. For more efficient but still back-

ward-compatible pickling, use

1 in this argument; for the

most efficient (but incompatible with pre-2.3

unpicklers)

pickling, use

2. Using -1 automatically uses the highest

protocol supported (and this works in older versions as

well).

Tkinter GUI Module and Tools

Tkinter is a portable graphical user interface (GUI) construc-

tion library shipped with Python as a standard library mod-

ule. Tkinter provides an object-based interface to the open

source Tk library and implements native look and feel for

Python-coded GUIs on ...