May 2025
Intermediate to advanced
282 pages
4h 2m
Chinese
Content preview from Python 用于地理空间数据分析
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第 6 章 ArcGIS Python API ArcGIS Python API
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全球领先的 GIS 公司 Esri 开发的客户端软件和 GIS 套件被称为 ArcGIS。 它集 API 和 Python 软件包于一体，允许用户查询 ArcGIS Online 或 ArcGIS Enterprise 中托管的信息。虽然它不是开源的，但 Esri 在行业中的领导地位已经产生了相当多的免费内容和教程，您可以访问和探索。我将分享一些学习资源、可访问的工具和信息，您可以使用 ArcGIS Python API 访问它们。您需要使用 Jupyter Notebook 和 ArcGIS Online 来跟进学习。
设置
有一个名为 ArcGIS Pro 的桌面应用程序以及一个名为 ArcGIS Online 的基于浏览器的平台；在本章中，您将通过 ArcGIS Python API 使用 ArcGIS Online。
ArcGIS Python API 中可用的模块
为了扩展标准 Python 库，ArcGIS Python API 允许访问额外的模块，这些模块通过点符号提供。您可以在文档中探索这些模块，我将在编码中使用它们时提供更多信息。这些模块包括
Arcgis.gis- 连接到 ArcGIS Online
Arcgis.features- 提供处理地理要素组的功能
Arcgis.geometry- 允许输入和输出不同的几何图形（例如点或多边形）
Arcgis.geocoding- 为地图可视化指定位置坐标
Arcgis.geoenrichment- 为区域添加属性
在传授地理空间技能时，我使用开源或低成本方案，让尽可能多的人都能获得这些知识。由于大多数 Esri 用户都是专业或企业用户，很少有人了解个人使用的成本负担。无论您选择哪种方式，在使用前请仔细阅读相关文档，以避免产生意想不到的费用。
ArcGIS API 以软件包 arcgis 的形式发布。在下面的示例中，您将通过 Conda（建议的协议）安装它，就像您在本书迄今为止的几个章节中所做的那样。
安装 ArcGIS Pro
尽管 ArcGIS Pro 仅适用于 Windows，但 API 可让非 Windows 用户访问 ArcGIS 功能，而无需打开 Windows 环境。我假设，如果您已经拥有完整的 ArcGIS Pro 许可证，就可以按照文档安装Python Package Manager 或 Python Command Prompt。要使用 Pro 许可证并在桌面环境中使用 API，您需要在运行命令的同一台计算机上安装 ArcGIS。
提示
如果您和我一样拥有 ArcGIS Pro 账户，但更喜欢在 MacOS 中工作，那么您可以离线使用 ArcGIS Pro。 为此，请登录您的 ArcGIS Pro 账户，在 "设置">>"许可证 "中勾选允许您脱机工作的复选框。
即使没有许可证，也有访问公开资源的选项，让我们来探讨一下。
设置环境
接下来，打开终端。我建议创建一个用于下载 ArcGIS 的环境。(你可能还记得，环境允许你安装兼容版本的软件包）。在这里，我将我的环境称为esriENV 。
提示
虽然可以更新环境中的单个软件包，但如果我在环境中工作时产生了持续性错误，我就会删除整个环境，然后从头开始重新创建。下面是一个新的 Python 地理空间软件包，其中包含常用的软件包，您可以考虑将其添加到任何创建的空间中： ...
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