A

A P P E N D I X

Assemblers, Linkers, and the SPIM Simulator

James R. Larus

Microsoft Research

Microsoft

Fear of serious injury cannot alone justify suppression of free speech and assembly.

Louis Brandeis

Whitney v. California, 1927

A.1Introduction

A.2Assemblers

A.3Linkers

A.4Loading

A.5Memory Usage

A.6Procedure Call Convention

A.7Exceptions and Interrupts

A.8Input and Output

A.9SPIM

A.10MIPS R2000 Assembly Language

A.11Concluding Remarks

A.12Exercises

A.1 Introduction

Encoding instructions as binary numbers is natural and efficient for computers. Humans, however, have a great deal of difficulty understanding and manipulating these numbers. People read and write symbols (words) much better than long sequences of digits. Chapter 2 showed ...

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