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CHAPTER 3

Microphones

CHAPTER CONTENTS

The Moving-coil or Dynamic Microphone

The Ribbon Microphone

The Capacitor or Condenser Microphone

Basic capacitor microphone

Electret designs

RF capacitor microphone

Directional Responses and Polar Diagrams

Omnidirectional pattern

Figure-eight or bidirectional pattern

Cardioid or unidirectional pattern

Hypercardioid pattern

Specialized Microphone Types

Rifle microphone

Parabolic microphone

Boundary or ‘pressure-zone’ microphone

Switchable Polar Patterns

Stereo Microphones

Microphone Performance

Microphone sensitivity in practice

Microphone noise in practice

Microphone Powering Options

Phantom power

A–B powering

Radio Microphones

Digital radio microphones

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