13. Statistical Power
When you undertake a true experiment, you often make a random selection of potential subjects from a population that interests you and assign them at random to one of two or more groups. Often, those groups might be a treatment group and a control group, or they might be two or more treatment groups and a control group.
When some sort of error (sampling error or measurement error, for example) causes you to conclude that your treatments have a reliable, replicable effect on the population when in fact they don’t, it’s called Type I error. You can quantify the probability ...
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