11.1 Introduction11.2 Dispersive flies optimisation11.3 Modifications in DFO11.3.1 Update equation11.3.2 Disturbance threshold, Δ11.4 Application: Detecting false alarms in ICU11.4.1 Problem description11.4.2 Using dispersive flies optimisation11.4.3 Experiment setup11.4.3.1 Model configuration11.4.3.2 DFO configuration11.4.4 Results11.5 ConclusionsReferences