System of Systems Modeling and Analysis

8Enhancing System of Systems Engineering

8.1 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, MACHINE LEARNING, AND AUTONOMY

The “Solberg Chart” (Figure 1.1) is a snapshot in time of the concepts and methodologies useful for the study of SoS. This chart shows several waves associated with Artificial Intelligence (AI), whose products also appear as Automata, Neural Networks, Swarm Intelligence, etc. The term Machine Learning (ML) was not yet in use at the time but could easily be inserted in many of these streams. Nowadays, as AI/ML advances into more and more applications, including through semi- or fully-autonomous systems as components in SoS (Chapter 6), a clear understanding of how AI/ML enhance our ability to perform SoS Modeling and Analysis and drive important ...