October 2011
Beginner to intermediate
400 pages
9h 30m
English
Content preview from The Art of R ProgrammingBecome an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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Functional Programming and Memory Issues
Most R objects are immutable, or unchangeable. Thus, R operations are implemented as functions that reassign to the given object, a trait that can have performance implications.
Vector Assignment Issues
As an example of some of the issues that can arise, consider this simple-looking statement:
z[3] <- 8
As noted in Chapter 7, this assignment is more complex than it seems. It is actually implemented via the replacement function "[<-" through this call and assignment:
z <- "[<-"(z,3,value=8)
An internal copy of z is made, element 3 of the copy is changed to 8, and then the resulting vector is reassigned to z. And recall that the latter simply means that z is pointed to the copy.
In other words, even though we ...
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O’Reilly covers everything we've got, with content to help us build a world-class technology community, upgrade the capabilities and competencies of our teams, and improve overall team performance as well as their engagement.Julian F.
I wanted to learn C and C++, but it didn't click for me until I picked up an O'Reilly book. When I went on the O’Reilly platform, I was astonished to find all the books there, plus live events and sandboxes so you could play around with the technology.Addison B.
I’ve been on the O’Reilly platform for more than eight years. I use a couple of learning platforms, but I'm on O'Reilly more than anybody else. When you're there, you start learning. I'm never disappointed.Amir M.
I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.