The first year of human development serves as a prototype for all human learning. Initially, children explore and identify the nature of specific stimuli and responses. Later, children come to understand the interactive nature of stimuli and responses, anticipate the effect of one upon the other, and develop goals to achieve these effects. Finally, children act by drawing from their developing repertoire of responses to attempt to achieve their goals. Children’s behavior is shaped by the feedback they achieve in their environments. This feedback recycles the stages or phases of learning as children explore more extensively, ...
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