The C++ Programming Language, Special Edition

Chapter 21. Streams

	What you see is all you get.
	--Brian Kernighan

Input and output — ostreams — output of built-in types — output of user-defined types — virtual output functions — istreams — input of built-in types — unformatted input — stream state — input of user-defined types — I/O exceptions — tying of streams — sentries — formatting integer and floating-point output — fields and adjustments — manipulators — standard manipulators — user-defined manipulators — file streams — closing streams — string streams — stream buffers — locale — stream callbacks — printf() — advice — exercises.

Introduction

Designing and implementing a general input/output facility for a programming language is notoriously difficult. Traditionally, I/O facilities have ...