book

The PHP Workshop

Name: The PHP Workshop
ISBN: 9781838648916

by Alexandru Busuioc, David Carr, Markus Gray, Vijay Joshi, Mark McCollum, Bart McLeod, M A Hossain Tonu

October 2019

Beginner

604 pages

11h 42m

English

Packt Publishing

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Preface
About the BookAbout the ChaptersConventionsBefore You BeginInstalling PHP 7.3 (Ubuntu)Installing PHP 7.3 (Mac OS X)Installing PHP 7.3 (Windows)Installing MySQL 5.7 (Ubuntu)Accessing MySQL as Root (Using sudo)Creating a Test UserGranting all Privileges on a Test UserInstalling MySQL Workbench on UbuntuInstalling MySQL 5.7 (Mac OS)Installing MySQL Workbench on Mac OSInstalling MySQL 5.7 (Windows)Installing ComposerInstalling the Insomnia REST ClientInstalling the Code Bundle
1. Introducing PHP
IntroductionGetting Started with PHP Web DevelopmentBuilt-in Templating EnginePHP in the Interactive ShellExercise 1.1: Printing Hello World to the Standard OutputExercise 1.2: Printing Hello World by Executing a PHP File Assigning and Using VariablesCreating and Assigning Variables to Print Simple Messages on the Web Browser Exercise 1.3: Using Input Variables to Print Simple StringsExercise 1.4: Using the Built-in Server to Print a StringHyperText Markup LanguageCascading Style SheetsExercise 1.5: Creating a Login Form Page Using BootstrapExercise 1.6: Printing PHP Code Output between HTML TagsUsing the Server VariableExercise 1.7: Displaying Server InformationOther Predefined VariablesAssignment by Value and by ReferenceExercise 1.8: Assigning a Variable by Reference and Changing its ValueUsing isset to Check for Variable DeclarationExercise 1.9: Using isset to Check whether a Variable Has Been SetActivity 1.1: Displaying Query Strings in the BrowserSummary
2. Types and Operators
IntroductionWhat are Data Types?IntegersStringsSingle and Double-Quoted StringsHeredoc and Nowdoc SyntaxesFloatsBooleanExercise 2.1: Using Simple Data Types ArraysIndexed and Associative ArraysAdding and Removing Items from an ArrayExercise 2.2: Creating a Multidimensional Array Scalar TypesType ConversionExercise 2.3: Converting a Boolean to an IntegerExercise 2.4: Converting an Integer to a String Exercise 2.5: Converting Centimeters to MetersOperators and ExpressionsArithmetic OperatorsString OperatorsBitwise OperatorsAssignment OperatorsComparison OperatorsIncrement/Decrement OperatorsLogical OperatorsArray OperatorsConditional Assignment OperatorsActivity 2.1: Printing the BMI of a UserSummary
3. Control Statements
IntroductionBoolean ExpressionsBoolean ConstantsLogical OperatorsThe not OperatorThe and OperatorThe or OperatorThe xor OperatorShort-Circuit Evaluation and Operator PrecedenceThe Precedence of Logical Operators|| versus or&& versus andComparison OperatorsBranchingThe if StatementThe if…else StatementExercise 3.1: Creating a Basic Script to Implement the if...else Test CaseExercise 3.2: Implementing the Nested if...else StructureThe Ternary Operator The if…elseif…else StatementExercise 3.3: Creating a Script Using the if... elseif... else StatementThe switch CaseExercise 3.4: Creating a Script to Implement a Switch CaseLoopingBounded Loops versus Unbounded LoopsThe while LoopExercise 3.5: Printing the Numbers 1 to 10 Using a while LoopThe do…while LoopExercise 3.6: Converting a while Loop to a do...while LoopThe for LoopExercise 3.7: Using a for Loop to Print the Days of the WeekThe foreach LoopExercise 3.8: Using a foreach Loop to Print the Days of the Week Nesting LoopsExercise 3.9: Using Nested foreach LoopsThe break StatementExercise 3.10: Using a break Statement to Terminate a Loop's ExecutionThe continue StatementExercise 3.11: Using continue to Skip an Item in a ListAlternative Control Syntaxes Using System VariablesActivity 3.1: Creating a Movie Listing Script to Print Movies per DirectorTips for Control StructuresSummary
4. Functions
IntroductionWhat is a Callable?Exercise 4.1: Using Built-in FunctionsTypes of CallablesLanguage ConstructsIntroduction to Built-In FunctionsFinding Built-In FunctionsParameters and Return ValuesPassing Parameters by ReferencePassing Scalar Variables by ReferenceOptional ParametersExercise 4.2: Working with print_r()A Varying Number of ParametersFlag ParametersExercise 4.3: Using Built-In Functions with ArraysIntroduction to User-Defined FunctionsNaming FunctionsDocumenting Your FunctionsNamespaced FunctionsPure FunctionsScopeThe $GLOBALS Superglobal ArrayExercise 4.4: Using the $GLOBALS arrayThe Single Responsibility PrincipleThe function KeywordIdentifierType HintsThe Spread Operator (…) with Type HintsParameters in User-Defined FunctionsReturn Types in User-Defined FunctionsSignatureReturning a ValueParameters and ArgumentsOptional ParametersParameters Passed by Reference to Our FunctionDefault Values for ParametersExercise 4.5: Writing a Function that Adds Two NumbersVariable FunctionsAnonymous FunctionsUsing a Variable from Outside of Scope Inside an Anonymous FunctionExercise 4.6: Working with Anonymous FunctionsExercise 4.7: Creating Variable FunctionsExercise 4.8: Playing with FunctionsActivity 4.1: Creating a CalculatorSummary
5. Object-Oriented Programming
IntroductionThe Object-Oriented ApproachOOP ConceptsClasses Instantiating a Class Class AttributesClass ConstantsThe $this VariableClass MethodsExercise 5.1: Using the Getter and Setter MethodsConstructorDestructorExercise 5.2: Instantiating the Class and Printing the DetailsInheritanceExercise 5.3: Implementing InheritanceAccess Modifiers Exercise 5.4: Applying Access ModifiersStatic Fields and Methodsparent:: and self::Exercise 5.5: Applying a Static MemberClass AbstractionExercise 5.6: Implementing an Abstract ClassInterfacesExercise 5.7: Implementing an InterfaceAbstract Classes versus InterfacesClass Type Hinting Plays a Role in Dependency InjectionOverriding Attribute OverridingMethod OverridingExercise 5.8: Overriding an Inherited MethodOverloadingAttribute OverloadingMethod OverloadingExercise 5.9: Implementing Attribute and Method OverloadingFinal Classes and MethodsExercise 5.10: Implementing a Final Class and MethodsTraitsExercise 5.11: Implementing TraitClass AutoloadingNamespacesExercise 5.12: Implementing NamespacesActivity 5.1: Building a Student and Professor Object RelationshipSummary
6. Using HTTP
IntroductionThe Request-Response Cycle of a Web ApplicationA Typical HTTP RequestA Typical HTTP ResponseRequest MethodsGET HTTP RequestsPOST HTTP RequestsQuery StringsPHP Superglobals$_SERVERExercise 6.1: Dumping the $_SERVER Data$_COOKIEExercise 6.2: Setting and Reading a Cookie$_SESSIONExercise 6.3: Writing and Reading Data from a Session$_GETExercise 6.4: Using Query Strings in Web Pages$_POSTExercise 6.5: Sending and Reading POST Data$_FILESExercise 6.6: Uploading a File and Validating its TypeSecuring Input and Output DataBest PracticesSanitizing and Validating the User InputExercise 6.7: Sanitizing and Validating the User InputEscaping the OutputCross-Site Scripting (XSS)Exercise 6.8: Securing against XSSCross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)Exercise 6.9: Securing against CSRFBuilding an Application (Bootstrapping the Examples)web/src/components/handlers/templates/Exercise 6.10: Building an Application: The Home PageExercise 6.11: Building an Application: The Profile Page and the Login FormActivity 6.1: Creating a Support Contact FormSummary
7. Data Persistence
IntroductionFile I/O HandlingReading Files with PHPA Simple File ReadExercise 7.1: A Simple File Read (All at Once)Reading Files with the fread FunctionExercise 7.2: Reading Files with the fread FunctionBenchmark File ReadingExercise 7.3: Benchmark File ReadingReading Files Line by LineExercise 7.4: Reading Files Line by LineReading CSV FilesExercise 7.5: Reading CSV FilesDownloading a File with PHPExercise 7.6: Downloading a FileWriting a File with PHPExercise 7.7: Writing to FilesExercise 7.8: Appending Content in FilesOther Filesystem FunctionsDeleting a File with PHPExercise 7.9: Deleting a File with PHPMoving Files with PHPExercise 7.10: Creating Directories and Moving Files to the ArchiveCopying Files Using PHPExercise 7.11: Copying FilesDatabasesGUI ClientsConnecting to MySQLConnecting to MySQLExercise 7.12: Connecting to MySQLCreating a DatabaseExercise 7.13: Creating a DatabaseCreating a TableExercise 7.14: Creating the TableInserting Data into a MySQL Database TableExercise 7.15: Inserting Data into a TableSQL InjectionPrepared StatementsUsing Prepared StatementsExercise 7.16: Inserting Data Using Prepared StatementsFetching Data from MySQLExercise 7.17: Fetching Data from MySQLUpdating Records in MySQLExercise 7.18: Updating Records in MySQLDeleting Records from MySQLExercise 7.19: Deleting Records from MySQLThe Singleton PatternActivity 7.1: Contact Management ApplicationSummary
8. Error Handling
IntroductionErrors in PHPHandling ErrorsThe Default Error HandlerUsing a Custom Error HandlerExercise 8.1: Using a Custom Error HandlerExercise 8.2: Logging with the Custom Error HandlerTriggering a User-Level ErrorExercise 8.3: Triggering ErrorsLogging Errors at Script ShutdownExercise 8.4: Logging Fatal Errors at ShutdownExceptionsBasic UsageExercise 8.5: Implementing ExceptionsCustom ExceptionsExercise 8.6: Custom ExceptionsCustom Exception HandlerUsing a Custom Exception HandlerExercise 8.7: Using a Custom Exception HandlerTranslating Errors to ExceptionsExercise 8.8: Translating Errors to ExceptionsExercise 8.9: Simple Exception HandlingExercise 8.10: Better Usage of ExceptionsActivity 8.1: Handling System and User-Level Errors Summary
9. Composer
IntroductionDependency ManagementUsing ComposerExercise 9.1: Getting Started with ComposerInitializing a ProjectExercise 9.2: Initializing a ProjectRequiring PackagesExercise 9.3: Adding DependenciesSemantic VersioningApplying Version ConstraintsExercise 9.4: Applying Version ConstraintsThe Lock FileExercise 9.5: Re-Installing Vendor FilesDev DependenciesExercise 9.6: Installing Development DependenciesPackagistExercise 9.7: Discovering Packages on Packagist.orgNamespacesAutoloadingUsing Composer PackagesExercise 9.8: Using PSR-4 to Load ClassesExercise 9.9: Implementing MonologActivity 9.1: Implementing a Package to Generate a UUIDSummary

10. Web Services
IntroductionAn Example Web ServiceSelecting Third-Party APIsRESTful ConceptsRequest FormatsExercise 10.1: JSON EncodingHTTP HeadersAuthentication and AuthorizationManual API TestingExercise 10.2: Manual API Testing with InsomniaMaking a Request with PHPExercise 10.3: Making a GET Request with GuzzleExercise 10.4: Sending a POST Request with HeadersActivity 10.1: Making Your Own POST Request to httpbin.orgSummary
Appendix
1. Introducing PHPActivity 1.1: Displaying Query Strings in the Browser2. Types and OperatorsActivity 2.1: Printing the BMI of a User3. Control StatementsActivity 3.1: Creating a Movie Listing Script to Print Movies per Director4. FunctionsActivity 4.1: Creating a Calculator5. Object-Oriented ProgrammingActivity 5.1: Building a Student and Professor Object Relationship6. Using HTTPActivity 6.1: Creating a Support Contact Form7. Data PersistenceActivity 7.1: Contact Management Application8. Error HandlingActivity 8.1: Improving the User Experience through the Handling System and User-Level Errors 9. ComposerActivity 9.1: Implementing a Package to Generate a UUID10. Web ServicesActivity 10.1: Making Your Own POST Request to httpbin.org

Content preview from The PHP Workshop

Appendix

About

This section is included to assist the students to perform the activities present in the book. It includes detailed steps that are to be performed by the students to complete and achieve the objectives of the book.

1. Introducing PHP

Activity 1.1: Displaying Query Strings in the Browser

Solution

Create a file named movies.php.
Capture query string data in the file to store the details of the movies, such as the name, the actors, and the release years:
<?php
$name = $_GET['movieName'];
$star = $_GET['movieStar'];
$year = $_GET['movieYear'];
?>
Create a basic HTML structure and then display the captured query strings:
movies.php
8      <head>
9          <meta charset="UTF-8">
10         <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, ...

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