book

The Rust Programming Language (Covers Rust 2018)

by Carol Nichols

July 2019

Intermediate to advanced

560 pages

14h 12m

English

No Starch Press

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Who Rust Is ForWho This Book Is ForHow to Use This BookResources and How to Contribute to This Book

InstallationCommand Line NotationHello, World!Hello, Cargo!Summary
Setting Up a New ProjectProcessing a GuessGenerating a Secret NumberComparing the Guess to the Secret NumberAllowing Multiple Guesses with LoopingSummary
Variables and MutabilityData TypesFunctionsCommentsControl FlowSummary
What Is Ownership?References and BorrowingThe Slice TypeSummary
Defining and Instantiating StructsAn Example Program Using StructsMethod SyntaxSummary
Defining an EnumThe match Control Flow OperatorConcise Control Flow with if letSummary
Packages and CratesDefining Modules to Control Scope and PrivacyPaths for Referring to an Item in the Module TreeBringing Paths into Scope with the use KeywordSeparating Modules into Different FilesSummary
Storing Lists of Values with VectorsStoring UTF-8 Encoded Text with StringsStoring Keys with Associated Values in Hash MapsSummary
Unrecoverable Errors with panic!Recoverable Errors with ResultTo panic! or Not to panic!Summary
Removing Duplication by Extracting a FunctionGeneric Data TypesTraits: Defining Shared BehaviorValidating References with LifetimesGeneric Type Parameters, Trait Bounds, and Lifetimes TogetherSummary
How to Write TestsControlling How Tests Are RunTest OrganizationSummary
Accepting Command Line ArgumentsReading a FileRefactoring to Improve Modularity and Error HandlingDeveloping the Library’s Functionality with Test-Driven DevelopmentWorking with Environment VariablesWriting Error Messages to Standard Error Instead of Standard OutputSummary
Closures: Anonymous Functions That Can Capture Their EnvironmentProcessing a Series of Items with IteratorsImproving Our I/O ProjectComparing Performance: Loops vs. IteratorsSummary
Customizing Builds with Release ProfilesPublishing a Crate to Crates.ioCargo WorkspacesInstalling Binaries from Crates.io with cargo installExtending Cargo with Custom CommandsSummary
Using Box<T> to Point to Data on the HeapTreating Smart Pointers Like Regular References with the Deref TraitRunning Code on Cleanup with the Drop TraitRc<T>, the Reference Counted Smart PointerRefCell<T> and the Interior Mutability PatternReference Cycles Can Leak MemorySummary
Using Threads to Run Code SimultaneouslyUsing Message Passing to Transfer Data Between ThreadsShared-State ConcurrencyExtensible Concurrency with the Sync and Send TraitsSummary
Characteristics of Object-Oriented LanguagesUsing Trait Objects That Allow for Values of Different TypesImplementing an Object-Oriented Design PatternSummary
All the Places Patterns Can Be UsedRefutability: Whether a Pattern Might Fail to MatchPattern SyntaxSummary
Unsafe RustAdvanced TraitsAdvanced TypesAdvanced Functions and ClosuresMacrosSummary
Building a Single-Threaded Web ServerTurning Our Single-Threaded Server into a Multithreaded ServerGraceful Shutdown and CleanupSummary
Keywords Currently in UseKeywords Reserved for Future UseRaw Identifiers
OperatorsNon-operator Symbols
Debug for Programmer OutputPartialEq and Eq for Equality ComparisonsPartialOrd and Ord for Ordering ComparisonsClone and Copy for Duplicating ValuesHash for Mapping a Value to a Value of Fixed SizeDefault for Default Values
Automatic Formatting with rustfmtFix Your Code with rustfixMore Lints with ClippyIDE Integration Using the Rust Language Server

Content preview from The Rust Programming Language (Covers Rust 2018)

11WRITING AUTOMATED TESTS

In his 1972 essay “The Humble Programmer,” Edsger W. Dijkstra said that “Program testing can be a very effective way to show the presence of bugs, but it is hopelessly inadequate for showing their absence.” That doesn’t mean we shouldn’t try to test as much as we can!

Correctness in our programs is the extent to which our code does what we intend it to do. Rust is designed with a high degree of concern about the correctness of programs, but correctness is complex and not easy to prove. Rust’s type system shoulders a huge part of this burden, but the type system cannot catch every kind of incorrectness. As such, Rust includes ...