May 2025
Intermediate to advanced
382 pages
10h 33m
Chinese
Content preview from 图解大模型 : 生成式AI 原理与实战
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160
｜
第
6
章
6.4.3
思维树
：
探索中间步骤
思维链和自洽性旨在实现更复杂的推理。通过从多个“思考过程”中采样，并使它们更加
深入地思考，我们可以达到改进生成模型的输出的目标。
这些技术只是触及了当前用于模拟复杂推理的方法的表面。思维树（
tree-of-thought
，
ToT
）
是对这些方法的一种改进，它可以对多个想法进行深入探索。
该方法的工作原理如下。当面对需要多个推理步骤的问题时，将其分解成多个部分通常会
有所帮助。在每个步骤中，如图
6-18
所示，生成模型会被提示探索当前问题的不同解决方
案。然后，它对最佳解决方案进行投票，并继续进行下一步。
9
Q:
思维树
探索多条路径
最终答案
推理过程
(思考)
思考过程
被评分
图 6-18：利用树状结构，生成模型可以生成待评分的中间思考过程。最有希望的思考过程会被保留，
而较差的会被剪枝
当需要考虑多条路径，比如写故事或提出创意构想时，这种方法非常有帮助。这种方法的
一个缺点是需要多次调用生成模型，这会显著降低应用程序的速度。幸运的是，已经有人
成功地将思维树框架转化为一种简单的提示技术
10
。
注
9
：
Shunyu Yao et al.
“
Tree of Thoughts: Deliberate Problem Solving with Large Language Models.
”
arXiv
preprint arXiv:2305.10601
(2023).
注
10
：
参见“
Using Tree-of-Thought Prompting to Boost Chatgpt ...
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