
224 Understanding sPeCtrUm liberalisation
cost than through traditional award procedures. e lower cost
stems from the inherently less attractive nature of spectrum that
is not exclusively owned by the authorised user. It may also pro-
vide a means of getting access to spectrum that would otherwise be
unavailable if standard processes and procedures concerning spec-
trum assignment had to be followed.
A study conducted for Ericsson, NSN and Qualcomm by Plum
Consulting
*
in 2013 estimated that the economic value of opening up
the 2300–2400 MHz band to LSA in Europe is to be between 6.5 and
22 billion Euro, compared to the situation where the band ...