apropos—searches the whatis database for stringsarch—prints the machine architecture (see uname -m)at, batch—executes commands at a later timeawk—pattern scanning and processing languagebanner—makes postersbasename—with a directory name delivers portions of the pathnamebash—GNU Bourne Again Shellbc—processes precision arithmeticbdiff—compares two big filescal—displays a calendarcat—concatenates and displays fileschfn—changes the finger informationchmod—changes the permissions mode of a filechown—changes owner of filechsh—changes your login shellclear—clears the terminal screencmp—compares two filescompress—compress, uncompress, zcat compress, uncompress files, or display expanded filescp—copies filescpio—copies file archives in and outcron—the clock daemoncrypt—encodes or decodes a filecut—removes selected fields or characters from each line of a filedate—displays the date and time or sets the datedd—converts a file while copying itdiff—compares two files for differencesdos, xdos, dosexec, dosdebug—a Linux DOS emulator that runs MS-DOS and MS-DOS programs under Linuxdf—summarizes free disk spacedu—summarizes disk usageecho—echoes argumentsegrep—searches a file for a pattern using full regular expressionsexpr—evaluates arguments as an expressionfgrep—searches a file for a character stringfile—determines the type of a file by looking at its contentsfind—finds filesfinger—displays information about local and remote usersfmt—simple text formattersfold—folds long linesftp—file transfer programfree—displays amount of free and used memory in the systemfuser—identifies processes using files or socketsgawk—pattern scanning and processing languagegcc, g++—GNU project C and C++ Compiler (v2.7)getopt(s)—parses command-line optionsgrep—searches a file for a patterngroups—prints group membership of usergzip, gunzip, zcat—compresses or expands fileshead—outputs the first ten lines of a file(s)host—prints information about specified hosts or zones in DNSid—prints the username, user ID, group name, and group IDjsh—the standard, job control shellkill—sends a signal to terminate one or more processeskillall—kills processes by nameless—opposite of moreline—reads one lineln—creates hard links to fileslogname—gets the name of the user running the processlook—displays lines beginning with a given stringlp—sends output to a printer (AT&T)lpr—sends output to a printer (UCB)lpstat—prints information about the status of the LP print service (AT&T)lpq—prints information about the status of the printer (UCB)ls—lists contents of directorymail, rmail—reads mail or sends mail to usersmailx—interactive message processing systemmake—maintains, updates, and regenerates groups of related programs and filesman—formats and displays the online manual pagesmanpath—determines user's search path for man pagesmesg—permits or denies messages resulting from the write commandmkdir—creates a directorymore—browses or pages through a text filemtools—utilities to access DOS disks in UNIXmv—moves or renames filesnawk—pattern scanning and processing languagenewgrp—logs into a new groupnews—prints news itemsnice—runs a command at low prioritynohup—makes commands immune to hangups and quitsod—octal dumppack, pcat, unpack—compresses and expands filespasswd—changes the login password and password attributespaste—merges same lines of several files or subsequent lines of one filepcat—(see pack)pine—a Program for Internet News and E-mailpg—displays files one page at a timepr—prints filesping—reports if a remote system is reachable and aliveps—reports process statuspstree—displays a tree of processespwd—displays the present working directory namequota—displays users' disk usage and limitsrcp—remote file copyrdate—gets the date and time via the networkrgrep—a recursive, highlighting grep programrlogin—remote loginrm—removes files from directoriesrmdir—removes a directoryrsh—starts a remote shellruptime—shows the host status of local machinesrwho—who is logged in on local machinesscript—creates a typescript of a terminal sessionsed—streamlined editorsize—prints section sizes in bytes of object filessleep—suspends execution for some number of secondssort—sorts and/or merges filesspell—finds spelling errorssplit—splits a file into piecesstrings—finds any printable strings in an object or binary filestty—sets the options for a terminalsu—become superuser or another usersum—calculates a checksum for a filesync—updates the superblock and sends changed blocks to disktabs—sets tab stops on a terminaltail—displays the tail end of a filetalk—allows you to talk to another usertar—stores and retrieves files from an archive file, normally a tape devicetee—replicates the standard outputtelnet—communicates with a remote hosttest—evaluates an expressiontime—displays a summary of time used by this shell and its childrentimex—times a command; reports process data and system activitytop—displays top CPU processestouch—updates access time and/or modification time of a filetput—initializes a terminal or queries the terminfo databasetr—translates characterstrue—provides successful exit statustsort—topological sorttty—gets the name of the terminalumask—sets file-creation mode mask for permissionsuname—prints name of current machineuncompress—restores files to their original state after they have been compressed using the compress commanduniq—reports on duplicate lines in a fileunits—converts quantities expressed in standard scales to other scalesunpack—expands files created by packuucp—copies files to another system, UNIX-to-UNIX system copyuuencode, uudecode—encodes a binary file into ASCII text in order to send it through e-mail, or converts it back into its original formwc—counts lines, words, and characterswhat—extracts SCCS version information from a file by printing information found after the @(#) patternwhich—locates a command and displays its pathname or alias (UCB)whereis—locates the binary, source, and manual page files for a command (UCB)who—displays who is logged on the systemwrite—writes a message to another userxargs—constructs an argument list(s) and executes a commandzcat—uncompresses a compressed file to standard output; Same as uncompress –czipinfo—lists detailed information about a ZIP archivezmore—file perusal filter for crt viewing of compressed text
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