May 1987
Intermediate to advanced
680 pages
17h 3m
English
Content preview from UNIX° TEXT PROCESSING
The
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The awk Programming Language
A program is a solution to a problem, formulated in the syntax of a particular language. It is a small step from writing complex editing scripts with sed to writing programs with awk, but it is a step that many writers may fear to take. “Script” is less loaded a term than “program” for many people, but an editing script is still a program.
Each programming language has its own “style” that lends itself to performing certain tasks better than other languages. Anyone can scan a reference page and quickly learn a language’s syntax, but a close examination of programs written in that language is usually required before you understand how to apply this knowledge. In this sense, a programming language is simply another tool; you need to know not only how to use it but also when and why it is used.
We recommend that you learn more than one programming language. We have already looked at a number of different programs or scripts written for and executed by the shell, ex, and sed. As you learn the awk programming language, you will notice similarities and differences. Not insignificantly, an awk script looks different from a shell script. The awk language shares many of the same basic constructs as the shell’s programming language, yet awk requires a slightly different syntax. The awk program’s basic operations are not much different from sed’s: reading standard ...
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