Motherboard Form FactorsPC and XTFull-Size ATBaby-ATLPXATXATX RisermicroATXFlexATXITX and Mini-ITXBTXNLXWTXProprietary DesignsBackplane SystemsProcessor Sockets/SlotsChipsetsChipset EvolutionIntel ChipsetsIntel Chipset Model NumbersIntel Extreme Graphics ArchitectureAMD ChipsetsTraditional North/South Bridge ArchitectureHub ArchitectureHigh-Speed North-South Bridge ConnectionsIntel’s Early 386/486 ChipsetsFifth-Generation (P5 Pentium Class) ChipsetsSixth-Generation (P6 Pentium Pro/II/III Class) ChipsetsIntel 810, 810E, and 810E2Intel 815 FamilyIntegrated EthernetAGP Inline Memory ModulePC133 Memory SupportIntel 820 and 820E820. Chipset MTH BugIntel 840Third-Party (Non-Intel) P6-Class ChipsetsULi (Acer Labs) Chipsets for P6-Class ProcessorsVIA Technologies Chipsets for P6-Class ProcessorsSilicon Integrated Systems Chipsets for P6-Class ProcessorsSeventh-Generation (Pentium 4) ChipsetsIntel 850 FamilyIntel 845 FamilyIntel 865 FamilyIntel 848PICH5 and ICH5RIntel 875PIntel 915 FamilyIntel 925X FamilyIntel 945 Express FamilyIntel 955X and 975X FamilyThird-Party Pentium 4 ChipsetsSiS Chipsets for Pentium 4 and Pentium DSiS650/651 ChipsetsSiS645/645DXSiS648/648FX/655/655FX/655TXSiS R658/R659SiS661GX/SiS661FXSiS656/SiS656 FXSiS649/SiS649FXULi Electronics Chipsets for Pentium 4Aladdin P4 (M1671)M1681/M1683M1685ATI Chipsets for Pentium 4VIA Chipsets for Pentium 4VIA Modular Architecture Platforms (V-MAP) for Pentium 4VIA Apollo P4X266 FamilyProSavage P4M266Apollo P4X400, P4X400A, and P4X533PT800/PM800/PT880/PM880PT880 Ultra/PT894/PT894 ProAMD Athlon/Athlon XP/Duron ChipsetsAMD Chipsets for Athlon and Athlon XPAMD-750AMD-760 FamilyVIA Chipsets for Athlon and Athlon XPVIA Technologies Apollo KX133VIA Technologies Apollo KT133 and KT133AProSavage KM133Apollo KT266 and KT266AProSavage KM266Apollo KT333Apollo KT400/KM400Apollo KT400A/KT600KT880Silicon Integrated Systems Chipsets for AMD Athlon and Athlon XPSiS MuTIOL High-Speed North/South Bridge ConnectionSiS730SSiS733 and SiS735SiS740SiS745SiS746 and SiS746FXSiS748SiS741/741GXULi (ALiMagik1) for AthlonNVIDIA nForce Chipsets for Athlon and Athlon XPATI Radeon IGP ChipsetsIntel Workstation Chipsets for Pentium 4 and XeonIntel 860Intel E7205Intel E7505Intel E7525AMD Athlon 64 and Sempron ChipsetsAMD 8000 (8151) ChipsetULi Chipsets for Athlon 64ULi M1687ULi M1689ULi M1695VIA Chipsets for Athlon 64K8T800, K8T800 Pro, and K8M800K8T890, K8M890, and K8T900NVIDIA Chipsets for Athlon 64nForce3 150 and nForce3 Pro 150nForce3 250, 250Gb, and 250 Ultra and nForce3 Professional 250nForce4 Series and nForce Professional SeriesnForce 410 and 430 SeriesSiS Chipsets for Athlon 64SiS755 and SiS755FXSiS756SiS760 and Sis760GXSiS761GL and SiS761GXATISuper I/O ChipsMotherboard CMOS RAM AddressesMotherboard ConnectorsSystem Bus Types, Functions, and FeaturesThe Processor Bus (Front-Side Bus)The Memory BusThe Need for Expansion SlotsTypes of I/O BusesThe ISA BusThe 8-Bit ISA BusThe 16-Bit ISA Bus32-Bit BusesThe Micro Channel BusThe EISA BusLocal BusesVESA Local BusThe PCI BusPCI-ExpressAccelerated Graphics PortSystem ResourcesInterrupts8-Bit ISA Bus Interrupts16-Bit ISA, EISA, and MCA Bus InterruptsPCI InterruptsAdvanced Programmable Interrupt ControllerIRQ ConflictsDMA Channels8-Bit ISA Bus DMA Channels16-Bit ISA DMA ChannelsI/O Port AddressesResolving Resource ConflictsResolving Conflicts ManuallyUsing a System-Configuration TemplateHeading Off Problems: Special BoardsSound CardsSCSI Adapter BoardsNetwork Interface CardsMultiple-COM-Port AdaptersUniversal Serial BusMiscellaneous BoardsPlug-and-Play SystemsThe Hardware ComponentThe BIOS ComponentThe Operating System ComponentMotherboard Selection Criteria (Knowing What to Look For)DocumentationUsing Correct Speed-Rated Parts