Getting Familiar with an SMB Network
Now that you have had a brief tour of Samba, let’s take some time to get familiar with Samba’s adopted environment: an SMB network. Networking with SMB is significantly different from working with common TCP/IP protocols such as FTP and Telnet because there are several new concepts to learn and a lot of information to cover. First, we will discuss the basic concepts behind an SMB network, followed by some Microsoft implementations of it, and finally we will show you where a Samba server can and cannot fit into the picture.
Understanding NetBIOS
To begin, let’s step back in time. In 1984, IBM authored a simple application programming interface (API) for networking its computers, called the Network Basic Input/Output System (NetBIOS). The NetBIOS API provided a rudimentary design for an application to connect and share data with other computers.
It’s helpful to think of the NetBIOS API as networking extensions to the standard BIOS API calls. The BIOS contains low-level code for performing filesystem operations on the local computer. NetBIOS originally had to exchange instructions with computers across IBM PC or Token Ring networks. It therefore required a low-level transport protocol to carry its requests from one computer to the next.
In late 1985, IBM released one such protocol, which it merged with the NetBIOS API to become the NetBIOS Extended User Interface (NetBEUI ). NetBEUI was designed for small LANs, and it let each computer claim a name ...
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