List of abbreviations

ADF Augmented Dickey-Fuller

ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations

BR The Bohai Rim economy

BP Balance of payments

CCER China Center for Economic Research

ECM Error correcting modeling

EG test The Engle-Granger test

EU European Union

FDI Foreign direct investment

FIEs Foreign-invested enterprises

GDP Gross domestic product

HO theory The Heckscher-Ohlin Theory

IRF Impulse response function

MNCs Multinational corporations

OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development

PT Processing trade

PRD The Pearl River Delta

R&D Research and development

NBS The National Bureau of Statistics of China

I/O table Input-output table

OEM Original equipment manufacturer

ODM Original design manufacturer

OBM Original brand ...

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