December 2014
Intermediate to advanced
336 pages
6h 34m
Chinese
Content preview from 網頁應用程式設計--使用 Node 和 Express
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請求與回應物件
|
57
式與查詢字串一樣）。如果
POST
需要支援檔案上傳，媒體類型是
multipart/form-data
，
這是比較複雜的格式。最後，AJAX 請求的內文可以使用
application/json
。
參數
“參數”這個字可代表許多東西，通常也是會令人疑惑的地方。對於所有的請求，參數
可能是查詢字串、期程（需要 cookie，見第九章）、請求內文，或具備名稱的路由參數
（我們會在第十四章進一步學習）。在 Node 應用程式中，請求物件的
param
方法會自行
轉換這所有的參數。因此，我建議你不要使用它。這通常會產生問題：如果有一個參數
被設為查詢字串某個東西，以及另一個在
POST
內文或期程中的東西時，哪一個值勝出？
它會造成令人抓狂的錯誤。PHP 是造成這種麻煩的主要原因：為了“方便”起見，它會
自行將所有字串轉換成一個名為
$_REQUEST
的變數，而且因為某些原因，大家都認為這
是一種很好的做法。我們將會看到負責保存各種參數類型的專用特性，我認為這是比較
不會造成困擾的方式。
請求物件
請求物件（通常會被傳遞至回呼，代表你可以視需要為它命名，它通常被命名為
req
或
request
）一開始是
http.IncomingMessage
的實例，Node 的核心物件。Express 加入額外
的功能。我們來看請求物件最好用的特性及方法（這些方法都是 Express 添加的，除了
req.headers
與
req.url
之外，它們來自 Node）：
req.params
含有
具有名稱的路由參數
的陣列。我們會在第十四章進一步討論。 ...
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I'm always learning. So when I got on to O'Reilly, I was like a kid in a candy store. There are playlists. There are answers. There's on-demand training. It's worth its weight in gold, in terms of what it allows me to do.