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Web Development with Django - Second Edition

Name: Web Development with Django - Second Edition
ISBN: 9781803230603

by Ben Shaw, Saurabh Badhwar, Chris Guest, Bharath Chandra K S

May 2023

Intermediate to advanced

764 pages

17h 57m

English

Packt Publishing

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Web Development with Django
ContributorsAbout the authorsAbout the reviewer
Preface
Who this book is forWhat this book coversTo get the most out of this bookDownload the example code filesDownload the color imagesConventions usedGet in touchShare Your ThoughtsDownload a free PDF copy of this book
Chapter 1: An Introduction to Django
Technical requirementsScaffolding a Django project and appExercise 1.01 – creating a project and app, and starting the development server Understanding the model-view-template paradigmModelsViewsTemplatesMVT in practiceAn introduction to HTTPProcessing a requestExploring the Django project structureThe myproject directoryDjango development serverDjango appsPyCharm setupExercise 1.02 – project setup in PyCharmIntroducing Django viewsExploring URL mapping detailExercise 1.03 – writing a view and mapping a URL to itWorking with GET, POST, and QueryDict objectsExercise 1.04 – exploring GET values and QueryDict objectsExploring Django settingsReferring to Django Settings in Your CodeFinding HTML templates in app directoriesExercise 1.05 – creating a templates directory and a base templateRendering a template with the render functionExercise 1.06 – rendering a template in a viewRendering variables in templatesExercise 1.07 – using variables in templatesDebugging and dealing with errorsExceptionsExercise 1.08 – generating and viewing exceptionsDebuggingExercise 1.09 – debugging your codeActivity 1.01 – creating a site welcome screenActivity 1.02 – a book search scaffoldSummary
Chapter 2: Models and Migrations
Technical requirementsUnderstanding and using databasesRelational databasesNon-relational databasesDatabase operations using SQLData types in relational databasesExercise 2.01 – creating a book databaseUnderstanding CRUD operations using SQLSQL create operationsSQL read operationsSQL update operationsSQL delete OperationsExploring Django ORMDatabase configuration and creating Django applicationsDjango appsDjango migrationCreating Django models and migrationsField optionsPrimary keysRelationshipsAdding the Review modelModel methodsMigrating the reviews appDjango’s database CRUD operationsExercise 2.02 – creating an entry in the bookr databaseExercise 2.03 – using the create() method to create an entryCreating an object with a foreign keyExercise 2.04 – creating records for a many-to-one relationshipExercise 2.05 – creating records with many-to-many relationshipsExercise 2.06 – a many-to-many relationship using the add() methodUsing the create() and set() methods for many-to-many relationshipsRead operationsExercise 2.07 – using the get() method to retrieve an objectReturning an object using the get() methodExercise 2.08 – using the all() method to retrieve a set of objectsRetrieving objects by filteringExercise 2.09 – using the filter() method to retrieve objectsFiltering by field lookupsUsing pattern matching for filtering operationsRetrieving objects by using the exclude() methodRetrieving objects using the order_by() methodQuerying across relationshipsQuerying using foreign keysQuerying using the model nameQuerying across foreign key relationships using the object instanceExercise 2.10 – querying across a many-to-many relationship using the field lookupExercise 2.11 – a many-to-many query using objectsExercise 2.12 – a many-to-many query using the set() methodExercise 2.13 – using the update() methodExercise 2.14 – using the delete() methodBulk create and bulk update operationsExercise 2.15 – creating multiple records using bulk_createExercise 2.16 – updating multiple records using bulk_updatePerforming complex lookups using Q objectsExercise 2.17 – performing a complex query using a Q objectExercise 2.18 – verifying whether a queryset contains a given objectActivity 2.01 – creating models for a project management applicationPopulating the Bookr project’s databaseSummary
Chapter 3: URL Mapping, Views, and Templates
Technical requirementsUnderstanding function-based viewsUnderstanding class-based viewsURL configurationExercise 3.01 – implementing a simple function-based viewWorking with Django templatesExercise 3.02 – using templates to display a greeting messageDjango’s template languageExercise 3.03 – displaying a list of books and reviewsTemplate inheritanceTemplate styling with BootstrapExercise 3.04 – adding template inheritance and a Bootstrap navigation barActivity 3.01 – implementing the book details viewSummary
Chapter 4: An Introduction to Django Admin
Technical requirementsCreating a superuser accountExercise 4.01 – creating a superuser accountCRUD operations using the Django admin appCreateRetrieveUpdateDeleteManaging Django users and groupsExercise 4.02 – adding and modifying users and groups through the admin appRegistering models with the admin appRegistering the reviews modelChange listsThe Change publisher pageThe Book change pageExercise 4.03 – foreign keys and deletion behavior in the admin appCustomizing the admin interfaceSite-wide Django admin customizationsCustomizing the ModelAdmin classesThe list display fieldsThe display decoratorThe filterExercise 4.04 – adding the date list_filter and date_hierarchy filtersThe search barExcluding and grouping fieldsActivity 4.03 – customizing the Model adminsSummary
Chapter 5: Serving Static Files
Technical requirementsStatic file servingIntroduction to Static Files FinderStatic file finders – use during a requestAppDirectoriesFinderStatic file namespacingExercise 5.01 – serving a file from an app directoryGenerating static URLs with the static template tagExercise 5.02 – using the static template tagFileSystemFinderExercise 5.03 – serving from a project static directoryStatic file finders – use during collectstaticExercise 5.04 – collecting static files for productionSTATICFILES_DIRS prefixed modeThe findstatic commandExercise 5.05 – finding files using findstaticServing the latest files (for cache invalidation)Exercise 5.06 – exploring the ManifestFilesStorage storage engineCustom storage enginesActivity 5.01 – adding a Reviews logoActivity 5.02 – CSS enhancementsActivity 5.03 – adding a global logoSummary
Chapter 6: Forms
Technical requirementsWhat is a form?The form elementTypes of inputsExercise 6.01 – building a form in HTMLForm security with Cross-Site Request Forgery ProtectionAccessing data in the ViewExercise 6.02 – working with POST data in a viewChoosing between GET or POSTWhy use GET when we can put parameters in the URL mappings?The Django Forms libraryDefining a formRendering a form in a templateExercise 6.03 – building and rendering a Django formValidating forms and retrieving Python valuesExercise 6.04 – validating forms in a viewBuilt-in field validationExercise 6.05 – adding extra field validationActivity 1 – Book SearchSummary
Chapter 7: Advanced Form Validation and Model Forms
Technical requirementsCustom field validation and cleaningCustom validatorsCleaning methodsMulti-field validationExercise 7.01 – custom clean and validation methodsAdding placeholders and initial valuesExercise 7.02 – placeholders and initial valuesCreating or editing Django modelsThe ModelForm classExercise 7.03 – creating and editing a publisherActivity 7.01 – styling and integrating the publisher formActivity 7.02 – Review Creation UISummary
Chapter 8: Media Serving and File Uploads
Technical requirementsSettings for media uploads and servingServing media files in developmentExercise 8.01 – configuring media storage and servingContext processors and using MEDIA_URL in templatesExercise 8.02 – template settings and using MEDIA_URL in templatesFile uploads using HTML formsWorking with uploaded files in a viewExercise 8.03 – file upload and downloadFile uploads with Django formsExercise 8.04 – file uploads with a Django formImage uploads with Django formsResizing an image with PillowExercise 8.05 – image uploads using Django formsServing uploaded (and other) files using DjangoStoring files on model instancesStoring images on model instancesWorking with FieldFileReferring to media in templatesModelForms and file uploadsExercise 8.07 – file and image uploads using ModelFormHandling file savingActivity 8.01 – image and PDF upload of booksActivity 8.02 – displaying the cover and sample linkSummary

Chapter 9: Sessions and Authentication
Technical requirementsMiddlewareMiddleware modulesImplementing authentication views and templatesExercise 9.01 – repurposing the Admin app login templatePassword storage in DjangoThe profile page and the request.user objectExercise 9.02 – adding a profile pageAuthentication decorators and redirectionExercise 9.03 – adding authentication decorators to the viewsEnhancing templates with authentication dataExercise 9.04 – toggling login and logout links in the base template Activity 9.01 – authentication-based content using conditional blocks in templates SessionsThe session engineDo you need to flag cookie content?Pickle or JSON storage?Exercise 9.05 – examining the session keyStoring data in sessionsExercise 9.06 – storing recently viewed books in sessionsActivity 9.02 – using session storage for the Book Search pageSummary
Chapter 10: Advanced Django Admin and Customizations
Technical requirementsCustomizing the admin siteDiscovering admin files in DjangoDjango’s AdminSite classExercise 10.01 – creating a custom admin site for BookrOverriding the default admin.siteExercise 10.02 – overriding the default admin siteCustomizing admin site text using AdminSite attributesCustomizing admin site templatesExercise 10.03 – customizing the logout template for the Bookr admin siteAdding views to the admin siteCreating the view functionAccessing common template variablesMapping URLs for the custom viewRestricting custom views to the admin siteExercise 10.04 – adding custom views to the admin sitePassing additional keys to templates using template variablesActivity 10.01 – building a custom admin dashboard with a built-in searchSummary
Chapter 11: Advanced Templating and Class-Based Views
Technical requirementsTemplate filtersCustom template filtersCreating custom template filtersImplementing the custom filter functionUsing custom filters inside templatesExercise 11.01 – Creating a custom template filterString filtersTemplate tagsThe types of template tagsSimple tagsCreating a simple template tagExercise 11.02 – Creating a custom simple tagInclusion tagsExercise 11.03 – Building a custom inclusion tagDjango viewsClass-based viewsExercise 11.04 – Creating a book catalog using a CBVCRUD operations with CBVsThe Read viewActivity 11.01 – Rendering details on the user profile page using inclusion tagsSummary
Chapter 12: Building a REST API
Technical requirementsUnderstanding REST APIsDjango REST frameworkInstallation and configurationFunctional API viewsUnderstanding serializersClass-based API views and generic viewsActivity 12.01 – creating an API endpoint for a top contributors pageSimplifying the code using ViewSetsURL configuration using routers and ViewsetsExercise 12.04 – using ViewSets and routersImplementing authenticationToken-based authenticationExercise 12.05 – omplementing token-based authentication for Bookr APIsSummary
Chapter 13: Generating CSV, PDF, and Other Binary Files
Technical requirementsWorking with CSV files inside PythonWorking with Python’s csv moduleReading data from a CSV fileExercise 13.0 – reading a CSV file with PythonWriting to CSV files using PythonExercise 13.02 – generating a CSV file using Python’s csv moduleA better way to read and write CSV filesWorking with Excel files in PythonBinary file formats for data exportsWorking with XLSX files using the XlsxWriter packageXLSX filesExercise 13.03 – creating XLSX files in PythonWorking with PDF files in PythonConverting web pages into PDFsExercise 13.04 – generating a PDF version of a web page in PythonPlaying with graphs in PythonIntegrating plotly with DjangoIntegrating visualizations with DjangoExercise 13.06 – visualizing a user’s reading history on the user’s profile pageActivity 13.01 – exporting the books read by a user as an XLSLX fileSummary
Chapter 14: Testing Your Django Applications
Technical requirementsImportance of testingAutomation testingTesting in DjangoImplementing test casesUnit testing in DjangoUtilizing assertionsExercise 14.01 – writing a simple unit testPerforming pre-test setup and cleanup after every test case runTesting Django modelsExercise 14.02 – testing Django modelsTesting Django viewsExercise 14.03 – writing unit tests for Django viewsTesting views with authenticationExercise 14.04 – writing test cases to validate authenticated usersDjango RequestFactoryExercise 14.05 – using RequestFactory to test viewsTesting class-based viewsTest case classes in DjangoThe SimpleTestCase classThe TransactionTestCase classThe LiveServerTestCase classModularizing test codeActivity 14.01 – testing models and views in BookrSummary
Chapter 15: Django Third-Party Libraries
Technical requirementsEnvironment variablesdjango-configurationsmanage.py changesConfiguration from environment variablesExercise 15.01 – Django configurations setupdj-database-urlExercise 15.02 – dj-database-url and setupThe Django Debug ToolbarExercise 15.03 – setting up the Django Debug Toolbardjango-crispy-formsThe crispy filterThe crispy template TagExercise 15.04 – using Django Crispy Forms with SearchFormdjango-allauthdjango-allauth installation and setupInitiating authentication with django-allauthOther django-allauth featuresActivity 15.01 – using FormHelper to update formsSummary
Chapter 16: Using a Frontend JavaScript Library with Django
Technical requirementsJavaScript frameworksAn introduction to JavaScript Loading JavaScriptVariables and constantsWorking with ReactComponentsExercise 16.01 – setting up a React exampleJSX – a JavaScript syntax extensionExercise 16.02 – JSX and BabelJSX propertiesExercise 16.03 – React component propertiesJavaScript promisesThe fetch functionExercise 16.04 – fetching and rendering booksThe verbatim template tagActivity 16.01 – reviews previewSummary
Index
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Content preview from Web Development with Django - Second Edition

3 URL Mapping, Views, and Templates

In the previous chapter, we were introduced to databases, and we learned how to store, retrieve, update, and delete records from a database. We also learned how to create Django models and apply database migrations.

However, these database operations alone cannot display an application’s data to a user. We need a way to display all the stored information in a meaningful way to the user – for example, displaying all the books present in our Bookr application’s database, in a browser, and in a presentable format. This is where Django views, templates, and URL mapping come into play. Views are the part of a Django application that takes in a web request and provides a web response. For example, a web request ...

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Web Development with Django - Second Edition

by Ben Shaw, Saurabh Badhwar, Chris Guest, Bharath Chandra K S

3

URL Mapping, Views, and Templates

Become an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
and much more.