October 2021
Beginner to intermediate
250 pages
7h 11m
Chinese
Content preview from 微服务与事件驱动架构
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142
｜
第
11
章
一些重量级框架正在向类似轻量级的执行模型演进。这些轻量级模型能与用
于操作其他微服务实现的
CMS
很好地集成。
你可能已经注意到，重量级框架做了很多
CMS
和事件代理已经处理的事情。
CMS
可以管
理资源分配、失败、恢复和系统伸缩，而事件代理可以提供微服务实例之间基于事件的通
信。重量级框架是融合了
CMS
和事件代理能力的独立解决方案
。第
12
章将展开更多关于
轻量级框架的话题。
11.1
重量级框架的简单历史
重量级流处理框架直接继承自它们的重量级批处理前辈，其中最广为人知的是发布于
2006
年的
Apache Hadoop
，它提供了所有人都可以使用的开源大数据技术
。
Hadoop
将许多技术
绑定在一起以提供海量并行处理、失败恢复、数据持久性和内部节点通信等功能，它使得
用户可以廉价地使用硬件并轻松地解决需要数千个（或更多）节点才能解决的问题。
MapReduce
是最早广泛使用的处理超大批量数据
（又称大数据）的方法之一，不过，虽然
功能强大，但与当今的许多方案相比，它的执行速度很慢。随着时间的推移，大数据的规
模在稳步增长。尽管早期数百（或数千）
GB
的工作负载很常见
，但今天的工作负载已经
扩展到了
TB
和
PB
的
规模。随着这些数据集的增长，对更快的处理、更强大的方案、更
简单的执行方案以及能够提供近实时流处理能力的解决方案的需求也随之增长。
这就是
Spark
、
Flink
、
Storm
、
Heron
和
Beam
发挥作用的地方
。开发这些解决方案是为了
处理数据流，并比基于批处理的
MapReduce
作业更快地提供可操作的结果 ...
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