Windows® Internals, Sixth Edition, Part 1
by David A. Solomon Mark E. Russinovich and Alex Ionescu
Name Resolution
Name resolution is the process by which a character-based name, such as www.microsoft.com or Mycomputer, is translated into a numeric address, such as 192.168.1.1, that the network protocol stack can recognize. This section describes the three TCP/IP-related name resolution protocols provided by Windows: Domain Name System (DNS), Windows Internet Name Service (WINS), and Peer Name Resolution Protocol (PNRP).
Domain Name System
Domain Name System (DNS) is the standard (RFC 1035, et al.) by which Internet names (such as www.microsoft.com) are translated to their corresponding IP addresses. A network application that wants to resolve a DNS name to an IP address sends a DNS lookup request using the UDP/IP protocol (TCP/IP is used for ...
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