INTRODUCTION

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In the late 1960s, the need for computer software was outpacing the capability of technical schools, colleges, and universities to produce trained computer professionals to create that software—a phenomenon that became known as the software crisis. Increasing the output of colleges and universities wasn’t a practical approach; too few qualified students were enrolling in computer science programs to satisfy the demand. At the time, researchers determined that a better solution was to increase the productivity of existing computer programmers. Noticing similarities between software development and other engineering activities, these ...

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