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X Window System User's Guide for X11 R3 and R4 of the X Window System

by Valerie Quercia, Tim O'Reilly

May 1990

Beginner

723 pages

17h 35m

English

O'Reilly Media, Inc.

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AssumptionsOrganizationBulk Sales Informationxshowfonts.cAcknowlegementsFont and Character Conventions
Anatomy of an X DisplayX Architecture OverviewThe X Display ServerClientsThe Window ManagerThe xterm Terminal EmulatorThe Display ManagerOther X ClientsCustomizing Clients

If X is Being Started AutomaticallyStarting X ManuallyStarting the First xterm WindowBringing Up the Window ManagerStarting a Second xterm WindowExiting from an xterm WindowSpecial KeysHow a Client Looks and Behaves: Application DefaultsStarting Other ClientsRunning a Client on Another MachineWhere to Go From Here
Starting the Window ManagerTitlebarsThe Twm MenuDisplaying Windows as IconsResizing WindowsMoving Windows and IconsShuffling the Window Stack: Raise and LowerRaising Windows (bringing in front of others)Lowering Windows (sending behind others)Changing Keyboard FocusRemoving a Window: Delete and KillRestarting the Window ManagerExiting the Window ManagerButton Control of Window Manager FunctionsCustomizing twmSome of My Keystrokes are Missing
The Release 4 xterm MenusThe xterm Menus at a GlanceThe Main Options MenuVT Options MenuVT Fonts MenuTek Options MenuUsing the Scroll barCopying and Pasting Text SelectionsSelecting Text to CopyPasting Text SelectionsManipulating Text SelectionsCopying and Pasting between Release 2 and 3 Clients: xcutselSaving Multiple Selections: xclipboard (Release 4 Version)Problems with Large SelectionsEditing Text Saved in the xclipboardRelease 3 xclipboardTerminal Emulation and the xterm Terminal TypeResizing an xterm WindowRunning a Program in a Temporary xterm Window
Font Naming ConventionsFont FamiliesStroke Weight and SlantFont SizesOther Information in the Font NameFont Name WildcardingThe Font Search PathThe fonts.dir FilesFont Name AliasingMaking the Server Aware of AliasesUtilities for Displaying Information about FontsThe Font Displayer: xfdRelease 3 xfdPreviewing and Selecting Fonts: xfontselPreviewing Fonts with the xfontsel MenusSelecting a Font NameChanging Fonts in xterm WindowsThe Great EscapeThe Selection Menu ItemRelease 2 versus Subsequent Release FontsFont Specification in Release 2
Creating Icons and Other BitmapsBitmap Editing CommandsPointer CommandsBitmap Command BoxesActing on the Entire Grid: Clear All, Set All, Invert AllActing on an Area: Clear Area, Set Area, Invert AreaCopy Area, Move Area, Overlay AreaDrawing: Line, Circle, Filled CircleFilling in a Shape: Flood FillHot Spots: Set Hot Spot, Clear Hot SpotSaving and Quitting: Write Output, QuitCreating a Bitmap from a CursorMagnifying Portions of the Screen: xmagQuitting xmagWhat xmag Shows YouDynamically Choosing a Different Source Area
Desk AccessoriesClock Programs: xclock and oclockA Scientific Calculator: xcalcTerminating the calculatorMail Notification Client: xbiffMonitoring System Load Average: xloadBrowsing Reference Pages: xmanRelease 3 xmanPrinting Utilities: xwd. xpr, xdprKilling a Client Window with xkillProblems with Killing a ClientWindow and Display Information ClientsDisplaying Information about a Window: xwininfoListing the Window Tree: xlswinsListing the Currently Running Clients: xlsclientsGenerating Information about the Display: xdpyinfoUser-contributed ClientsX Toolkit ApplicationsDialog Boxes and Command ButtonsScroll barsSelecting Information for Copying and PastingVertical PanesViewportsText Editing Widget
Which Display to Run OnTitle and NameWindow GeometryBorder WidthColor SpecificationThe rgb.txt FileRelease 4 Color NamesRelease 3 Color NamesAlternative Release 4 Color DatabasesHexadecimal Color SpecificationThe RGB Color ModelHow Many Colors are Available?Starting a Client Window as an IconSpecifying Fonts on the Command LineReverse Video
Resource Naming SyntaxSyntax of Toolkit Client ResourcesTight Bindings and Loose BindingsInstances and ClassesPrecedence Rules for Resource SpecificationSome Common ResourcesEvent TranslationsThe Syntax of Event Translationsxterm Translations to Use xclipboardHow to Set ResourcesA Sample Resources FileSpecifying Resources from the Command LineThe –xrm OptionThe –name OptionSetting Resources with xrdbQuerying the Resource DatabaseLoading New Values into the Resource DatabaseSaving Active Resource Definitions in a FileRemoving Resource DefinitionsListing the Current Resources for a Client: appresOther Sources of Resource Definition
Setting .twmrc VariablesButton/Key BindingsPointer ButtonsKeysContextFunction NamesActionDefining MenusSubmenusExecuting System Commands from a MenuColor MenusA Complete Revamp of twm
xset: Setting Display and Keyboard PreferencesKeyboard BellBug Compatibility ModeKeyclick VolumeEnabling or Disabling Auto-repeatChanging or Rehashing the Font PathKeyboard LEDsPointer AccelerationScreen SaverColor DefinitionHelp with xset Optionsxsetroot: Setting Root Window CharacteristicsSetting Root Window PatternsForeground, Background Color and Reverse VideoChanging the Root Window Pointerxmodmap: Modifier Key and Pointer CustomizationKeycodes and KeysymsProcedure to Map Modifier KeysDisplaying the Current Modifier Key MapDetennining the Default Key MappingsMatching Keysyms with Physical Keys Using xevChanging the Map with xmodmapExpressions to Change the Key MapKey Mapping ExamplesDisplaying and Changing the Pointer Map
Including X in Your Search PathSetting the Terminal TypeA Startup Shell ScriptWhat Should Go in the ScriptStarting XStarting X with the Display Manager, xdm (Release 4)Getting Started with xdm on a Single DisplaySetting Up the Configuration File and Other Special FilesThe Standard Login SessionCustomizing xdmThe Xservers FileThe Xsession File and .xsession ScriptsThe Xresources FileThe Error Log FileThe xdm-pid File (Release 4 Only)X startup and XresetSecurity and the authorize Resource (Release 4 Only)Stopping xdm and the ServerX Terminals and the XDM Control Protocol (Release 4)Release 3 xdmRelease 3 Special Files and the Config FileCustomizing the Release 3 xdmManaging Multiple Displays: the Release 3 Xservers FileRelease 3 .xsession ScriptsRelease 3 Xresources FileRelease 3 X startup and X resetStarting X with xinitAn Older Method of Starting X: /etc/ttysServer Access ControlHost-based Access and the xhost ClientUser-based Access: xdm and the .Xauthority File (Release 4)Font ManagementConsole MessagesLog FilesChanging the Color Name Database
Starting the Window ManagerThe WindowOps MenuCreating New Terminal Windows
Getting Started with mwmStarting mwmSelecting the Window to Receive InputManipulating Windows with the mwm Window FrameMoving a Window: The Title AreaMinimizing (lconifying) and Maximizing a WindowThe Minimize ButtonThe Maximize ButtonRaising a WindowResizing a WindowThe Window Menu Button: Display a Menu or Close the WindowManipulating Windows Using the Window MenuChanging the Window Location: MoveResizing the Window: SizeIconifying the Window: MinimizeChanging to the Maximum Size: MaximizeMoving a Window to the Bottom of the Stack: LowerRemoving a Window: CloseRestoring a Maximized Window or an Icon: RestoreManipulating IconsManipulating Icons Using the Window MenuThe Root MenuCustomizing mwmActivating Changes to the Window ManagerThe system.mwmrc Filemwm FunctionsMenu SpecificationsKey BindingsButton BindingsCustomizing the Root MenuCreating New MenusCascading MenusSetting mwm ResourcesComponent Appearance Resourcesmwm-Specific Appearance and Behavior ResourcesClient-Specific ResourcesSetting the Focus PolicyUsing an Icon Box
xterm Control SequencesDefinitionsVT102 ModeTektronix 4014 Mode
Event Types and ModifiersDetail FieldModifiersComplex Translation Examples

Content preview from X Window System User's Guide for X11 R3 and R4 of the X Window System

9 Setting Resources

This chapter describes how to set resource variables that determine application features such as color, geometry, fonts, and so on. It describes the syntax of resource definition files such as .Xresources, as well as the operation of xrdb, a client that can be used to change resource definitions dynamically, and make resources available to clients running on other machines.

In This Chapter:

Resource Naming Syntax

Syntax of Toolkit Client Resources

Tight Bindings and Loose Bindings

Instances and Classes

Precedence Rules for Resource Specification

Some Common Resources

Event Translations

The Syntax of Event Translations

xterm Translations to Use xclipboard

How to Set Resources

A Sample Resources File

Specifying Resources from the Command Line

The -xrm Option

The -name Option

Setting Resources with xrdb

Querying the Resource Database

Loading New Values into the Resource Database

Saving Active Resource Definitions in a File

Removing Resource Definitions

Listing the Current Resources for a Client: appres

Other Sources of Resource Definition

9 Setting Resources

Virtually all X clients are customizable. You can specify how a client looks on the screen—its size and placement, its border and background color or pattern, whether or not the window has a scrollbar, and so on. Some applications even allow you to redefine the keystrokes or pointer actions used to control the application.

Traditional UNIX applications rely on command line options to allow users to customize ...

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X Window System User's Guide, Vol 3 (The Definitive Guides to the X Window System)

Publisher Resources

ISBN: 9780937175149

X Window System User's Guide for X11 R3 and R4 of the X Window System

by Valerie Quercia, Tim O'Reilly

9

Setting Resources

9

Setting Resources

Become an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
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X Window System User's Guide, Vol 3 (The Definitive Guides to the X Window System)

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Publisher Resources

9

Setting Resources

9

Setting Resources

Become an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,and much more.

You might also like

X Window System User's Guide, Vol 3 (The Definitive Guides to the X Window System)

X Windows System Administrator's Guide, Vol 8 (Definitive Guides to the X Window System)

XLIB Programming Manual, Rel. 5, Third Edition

The OpenBSD 4.1 Crash Course

Publisher Resources

Become an O’Reilly member and get unlimited access to this title plus top books and audiobooks from O’Reilly and nearly 200 top publishers, thousands of courses curated by job role, 150+ live events each month,
and much more.